{"id":4429,"date":"2026-06-14T08:19:55","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T08:19:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/how-to-choose-titanium-welding-wire\/"},"modified":"2026-08-31T18:13:29","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T18:13:29","slug":"how-to-choose-titanium-welding-wire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/es\/how-to-choose-titanium-welding-wire\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo elegir alambre de soldadura de titanio: correspondencia del material de aporte ERTi con la calidad base"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dos decisiones determinan el \u00e9xito o fracaso de una soldadura de titanio: elegir el alambre de aporte ERTi<\/strong> adecuado para la calidad base y mantener el ox\u00edgeno fuera de la soldadura hasta que se haya enfriado. El titanio se suelda con alambre de aporte clasificado seg\u00fan AWS A5.16<\/strong>, donde cada n\u00famero ERTi corresponde a una calidad base de titanio. Seleccione el material de aporte que corresponda a la base, o una calidad inferior para una soldadura m\u00e1s d\u00factil, y proteja el ba\u00f1o fundido y la soldadura durante el enfriamiento con gas inerte. Si se equivoca en cualquiera de los dos aspectos, la uni\u00f3n se fragiliza, independientemente de lo que indique la composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica del material de aporte en la bobina.<\/p>\n

\"Titanium<\/figure>\n

Haga corresponder el material de aporte con la calidad base<\/h2>\n

AWS A5.16 abarca varillas y electrodos de soldadura de titanio y aleaciones de titanio. La designaci\u00f3n ERTi corresponde a la calidad base, por lo que la regla inicial es sencilla: haga corresponder el material de aporte con el metal que va a unir, o reduzca una calidad en resistencia para obtener ductilidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Calidad base de titanio<\/th>\nMaterial de aporte AWS A5.16 t\u00edpico<\/th>\nNotas<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Grade 1 \/ Grade 2 (CP)<\/td>\nERTi-1, ERTi-2<\/td>\nComercialmente puro, el m\u00e1s d\u00factil, el m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil de soldar; para servicio corrosivo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 3 (CP)<\/td>\nERTi-2 o ERTi-3<\/td>\nUn aporte de calidad inferior aumenta la ductilidad de la soldadura frente al correspondiente<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 7 (Ti-Pd)<\/td>\nERTi-7<\/td>\nCon paladio, para \u00e1cidos reductores y cloruros; usar el correspondiente para mantener el comportamiento frente a la corrosi\u00f3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V)<\/td>\nERTi-9<\/td>\nPara tubo Grade 9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 12 (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni)<\/td>\nERTi-12<\/td>\nResistencia mejorada a la corrosi\u00f3n por resquicio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V)<\/td>\nERTi-5, o ERTi-23 (ELI)<\/td>\nERTi-5 es el correspondiente; se elige ERTi-23 ELI cuando importa la tenacidad de la soldadura<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

La raz\u00f3n para usar un aporte inferior, eligiendo un aporte una calidad por debajo del material base, es que una soldadura y su zona afectada por el calor suelen ser menos tolerantes que el metal base, por lo que un aporte ligeramente m\u00e1s blando y d\u00factil resiste el agrietamiento. Para calidades resistentes a la corrosi\u00f3n como Grade 7, use un aporte correspondiente para que la soldadura mantenga el mismo comportamiento frente a la corrosi\u00f3n que el material base. Para Ti-6Al-4V, ERTi-5 es el aporte correspondiente, mientras que ERTi-23 (la calidad de intersticiales extrabajos) proporciona una soldadura m\u00e1s tenaz cuando la fatiga o la tenacidad a la fractura determinan el dise\u00f1o. El aporte solo proporciona sus propiedades nominales si la soldadura se mantiene limpia, que es la segunda parte del trabajo.<\/p>\n

Por qu\u00e9 las soldaduras de titanio necesitan protecci\u00f3n total<\/h2>\n

El titanio no es reactivo a temperatura ambiente debido a su pel\u00edcula de \u00f3xido, pero un ba\u00f1o de soldadura no est\u00e1 a temperatura ambiente. Por encima de aproximadamente 500 C el titanio absorbe ox\u00edgeno, nitr\u00f3geno e hidr\u00f3geno del aire, y esos intersticiales fragilizan la soldadura. La protecci\u00f3n con arg\u00f3n del arco visible no es suficiente por s\u00ed sola; el ba\u00f1o, el lado de la ra\u00edz y la soldadura mientras se enfr\u00eda deben protegerse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Punto de selecci\u00f3n<\/th>\nQu\u00e9 indica la gu\u00eda<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Protecci\u00f3n de la antorcha<\/td>\narg\u00f3n de calidad para soldadura, o una mezcla de arg\u00f3n y helio para mayor aporte t\u00e9rmico, que cubra el arco y el ba\u00f1o (clase AWS A5.32 SG-A o SG-He).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Purga posterior<\/td>\ngas inerte en el lado de la ra\u00edz, esencial para tubo y cualquier uni\u00f3n de penetraci\u00f3n completa, para que la cara inferior no se oxide.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Protecci\u00f3n de arrastre<\/td>\nuna lente de gas o copa de arrastre que mantenga arg\u00f3n sobre la soldadura y la zona afectada por el calor hasta que el metal se haya enfriado por debajo de la temperatura a la que capta ox\u00edgeno.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

La metalurgia de la fragilizaci\u00f3n es el mismo mecanismo de capa alfa que se forma en superficies calientes de barra y pieza forjada; la informaci\u00f3n de fondo se encuentra en capa alfa en titanio<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Limpieza y manipulaci\u00f3n del material de aporte<\/h2>\n

La mayor\u00eda de los defectos de soldadura del titanio se originan por contaminaci\u00f3n, no por un problema de composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica del material de aporte<\/a>. Los hidrocarburos, la humedad y la suciedad del taller se descomponen en el arco e introducen hidr\u00f3geno y carbono en la soldadura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Requisito de limpieza y manipulaci\u00f3n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Desengrase la uni\u00f3n y el alambre de aporte con un disolvente limpio, y manipule ambos con guantes limpios sin pelusa, no con las manos desnudas.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Prepare el titanio con herramientas exclusivas, no con las utilizadas en acero, para evitar la captaci\u00f3n de hierro.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mantenga el extremo caliente de la varilla de aporte dentro de la protecci\u00f3n de gas. Si la punta pierde su acabado brillante, se ha oxidado; c\u00f3rtela antes de continuar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Almacene el alambre de aporte limpio y seco, en su embalaje marcado con la calidad, para que la aleaci\u00f3n y la colada sigan siendo trazables.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Interprete el color de la soldadura como control de calidad<\/h2>\n

El color que queda en una soldadura de titanio enfriada indica directamente la eficacia de su protecci\u00f3n. El plateado brillante o el pajizo claro significa que la protecci\u00f3n se mantuvo; el azul oscuro, gris o un polvo blanco significa que el ox\u00edgeno alcanz\u00f3 el metal caliente y es probable que la uni\u00f3n est\u00e9 fragilizada y deba rechazarse. La escala completa de colores y el significado de cada tonalidad se encuentra en color de soldadura de titanio y tonalidad t\u00e9rmica<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Beiyu suministra alambre de aporte de titanio en las calidades comunes: alambre de soldadura ERTi-7<\/a>, alambre TIG de titanio<\/a>, alambre MIG de titanio<\/a>, general alambre de soldadura de titanio<\/a> y alambre 6Al-4V ELI<\/a>, con la calidad, la clasificaci\u00f3n AWS y la colada trazables en el certificado de materiales. Para la selecci\u00f3n de calidad, consulte la gu\u00eda comparativa de calidades de titanio<\/a>, y para informaci\u00f3n sobre soldadura consulte trabajo con Ti-6Al-4V<\/a>. Env\u00ede la calidad base, el di\u00e1metro y la cantidad con la Solicitud de oferta<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Preguntas frecuentes<\/h2>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 alambre de aporte uso para titanio Grade 2?<\/strong>
ERTi-2 corresponde al titanio comercialmente puro Grade 2. ERTi-1 puede utilizarse cuando se desea una soldadura m\u00e1s blanda y d\u00factil. Ambos mantienen el comportamiento frente a la corrosi\u00f3n del titanio CP.<\/p>\n

\u00bfPuedo soldar Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) con ERTi-23?<\/strong>
S\u00ed. ERTi-5 es el aporte correspondiente para Ti-6Al-4V; ERTi-23 es la versi\u00f3n de intersticiales extrabajos y proporciona una soldadura m\u00e1s tenaz y d\u00factil, por lo que se elige para uniones cr\u00edticas a fatiga y exigentes.<\/p>\n

\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 mi soldadura de titanio se volvi\u00f3 azul o gris?<\/strong>
La soldadura en caliente absorbi\u00f3 ox\u00edgeno porque la protecci\u00f3n fue incompleta. El azul, gris o blanco indican contaminaci\u00f3n y fragilizaci\u00f3n, busque plateado brillante o amarillo paja claro, y a\u00f1ada purga posterior y una pantalla de arrastre.<\/p>\n

\u00bfSiempre necesito purga posterior?<\/strong>
Para tubo y cualquier soldadura de penetraci\u00f3n completa, s\u00ed. El lado de la ra\u00edz alcanza la misma temperatura reactiva que la cara, por lo que, sin una purga posterior inerte, la parte inferior se oxida incluso si la parte superior parece limpia.<\/p>\n

\u00bfArg\u00f3n o helio para titanio?<\/strong>
El arg\u00f3n para soldadura es la protecci\u00f3n est\u00e1ndar. Una mezcla de arg\u00f3n y helio aporta calor para secciones m\u00e1s gruesas o velocidades de avance m\u00e1s altas. Ambos deben ser de calidad para soldadura, la prioridad es la cobertura completa del ba\u00f1o y de la soldadura durante el enfriamiento.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e9 queda por definir en el pedido tras elegir el material de aportaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n

Ajustar el material de aportaci\u00f3n a la calidad del metal base resuelve la cuesti\u00f3n metal\u00fargica. El pedido a\u00fan debe indicar el di\u00e1metro con su tolerancia, c\u00f3mo se suministra el alambre y qu\u00e9 incluye el certificado, y nada de ello se deduce de la correspondencia de calidades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Campo<\/th>\nQu\u00e9 controla<\/th>\nD\u00f3nde corresponde<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Di\u00e1metro con tolerancia<\/td>\nComportamiento de alimentaci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de la antorcha o del alimentador<\/td>\nIndicados conjuntamente, no solo el di\u00e1metro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Forma de suministro<\/td>\nTramos rectos cortados a longitud, rollo o bobina<\/td>\nSu propia l\u00ednea en el pedido<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Condici\u00f3n superficial<\/td>\nLimpieza en el arco, que determina la calidad de la soldadura<\/td>\nIndicada por separado del estado de suministro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Alcance de la informaci\u00f3n documentada<\/td>\nQu\u00e9 figura en el certificado adem\u00e1s de los resultados obligatorios<\/td>\nIndicado en el pedido<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00f3mo se obtienen los valores de composici\u00f3n que sustentan la elecci\u00f3n del material de aportaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Qu\u00e9 se comunica<\/th>\nM\u00e9todo al que hace referencia la especificaci\u00f3n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ox\u00edgeno y nitr\u00f3geno<\/td>\nASTM E1409<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hidr\u00f3geno<\/td>\nASTM E1447<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carbono<\/td>\nASTM E1941<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Composici\u00f3n de la aleaci\u00f3n<\/td>\nASTM E539 y ASTM E2371<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Indicar un m\u00e9todo aclara c\u00f3mo se obtuvo un valor. No a\u00f1ade un ensayo que el pedido no solicit\u00f3. Beiyu suministra alambre de titanio para soldadura con un certificado de inspecci\u00f3n 3.1 seg\u00fan EN 10204 y trazabilidad por n\u00famero de colada.<\/p>\n

Detalles de especificaci\u00f3n con fuentes<\/h2>\n

La selecci\u00f3n del material de aporte para titanio depende tanto de los valores de intersticiales como de los nombres de las calidades. El criterio para elegir ERTi-23 en lugar de ERTi-5 refleja la distinci\u00f3n del metal base, donde Grade 5 est\u00e1ndar tiene un l\u00edmite m\u00e1ximo de ox\u00edgeno de 0,20 por ciento seg\u00fan ASTM B348<\/a> and the ELI variant is specified to a tighter interstitial window, lower oxygen buying weld ductility and toughness at a modest strength cost. On the gas side, AWS A5.32 classifies the shielding gases this page’s procedure notes call up, and its welding-argon class is a 99.997 percent minimum purity, a line worth writing on the weld procedure next to the filler classification, because shielding failures are usually purity or coverage problems rather than filler chemistry problems.<\/p>\n

Beiyu Titanium trefila en fr\u00edo su alambre de soldadura y lo acaba brillante o decapado al \u00e1cido, suministrando alambre en rollos de 0.8 a 12 mm de di\u00e1metro y en carretes de 0.01 a 6.35 mm; el extremo m\u00e1s fino de ese intervalo se destina a trabajos TIG mecanizados y orbitales. La ficha de alambres de la f\u00e1brica relaciona cada calidad trefilada con su clasificaci\u00f3n ERTi como lo hace la tabla anterior, incluido el detalle de que el alambre Grade 3 figura como ERTi-2, y una oferta de Beiyu indica conjuntamente la calidad base y la clase ERTi para que el material de aporte salga de la f\u00e1brica documentado respecto al metal que unir\u00e1.<\/p>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Two decisions make or break a titanium weld: choosing the right ERTi filler wire for the base grade, and keeping oxygen out of the weld until it has cooled. Titanium is welded with filler wire classified under AWS A5.16, where each ERTi number maps to a base titanium grade. Pick the filler to match the 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,137],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4429","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-technical-guides"],"yoast_head":"\nTitanium Welding Wire: Choose ERTi Filler by Grade | Beiyu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Choose titanium welding wire by base grade: AWS A5.16 ERTi filler (ERTi-2\/5\/7\/23), gas shielding, back purge, contamination control, and reading weld colour.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/es\/how-to-choose-titanium-welding-wire\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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Esas son las mismas cuatro cosas que un comprador de la industria de procesos o regulada exigir\u00e1 a un proveedor de titanio, y haber tenido que aplicarlas como cliente es la raz\u00f3n por la que aqu\u00ed se tratan como parte del suministro y no como documentaci\u00f3n elaborada posteriormente. Su trabajo diario abarca las cuestiones que este sitio est\u00e1 concebido para responder: elegir entre calidades de titanio comercialmente puro y aleado para un servicio corrosivo, interpretar un certificado de materiales frente a la norma solicitada y relacionar la designaci\u00f3n de un comprador (calidad ASTM, UNS, n\u00famero Werkstoff alem\u00e1n o c\u00f3digo NF franc\u00e9s) con el mismo metal en distintos mercados. 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