{"id":1684,"date":"2026-02-08T03:15:20","date_gmt":"2026-02-08T03:15:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/?p=1684"},"modified":"2026-08-13T04:14:06","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T04:14:06","slug":"key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/","title":{"rendered":"Titane pour applications marines &#038; eau de mer : choisir entre les Grades 2, 7 et 12"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"ti-hero-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613.jpg\" alt=\"Grade 2 titanium seamless tube for marine and seawater service\" \/><\/figure>\n<p>Le titane est retenu pour les \u00e9quipements marins et offshore car son film d'oxyde r\u00e9siste \u00e0 l'eau de mer et \u00e0 l'attaque des chlorures dans la plupart des conditions de service. Le titane Grade 2 est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement le point de d\u00e9part pour le service en eau de mer ; le Grade 7 ou le Grade 12 peuvent \u00eatre examin\u00e9s pour des conceptions expos\u00e9es \u00e0 des chlorures plus chauds, \u00e0 la saumure ou \u00e0 la corrosion caverneuse.<\/p>\n<h2>Grille de d\u00e9cision des nuances pour le titane en eau de mer<\/h2>\n<p>La nuance de titane marine appropri\u00e9e d\u00e9pend de la zone de corrosion, et pas uniquement du terme &#8220;eau de mer&#8221;. L'eau de mer ouverte et en \u00e9coulement diff\u00e8re des assemblages avec joints, des interfaces tube-plaque tubulaire, des poches stagnantes et des saumures chaudes. Si le plan indique uniquement un service marin, demandez la position en service avant de fixer la nuance et le dossier de certificats.<\/p>\n<table data-c195=\"1\">\n<caption>Le bon Grade de titane pour applications marines d\u00e9pend de l'emplacement de corrosion, et pas seulement du terme eau de mer.<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Emplacement<\/th>\n<th>Ce que le guide indique<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Eau de mer ouverte en circulation<\/td>\n<td>Diff\u00e9rent des assemblages \u00e0 joints et d'autres g\u00e9om\u00e9tries stagnantes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"ti-card-grid\">\n<div class=\"ti-card\"><small>Fili\u00e8re par d\u00e9faut<\/small><b>Titane Grade 2<\/b><\/p>\n<p>G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement propos\u00e9 en premier pour le tube en eau de mer, les pi\u00e8ces de condenseur, la fabrication en t\u00f4le et la quincaillerie marine g\u00e9n\u00e9rale.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ti-card\"><small>Examen de la corrosion caverneuse<\/small><b>Titane Grade 7<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Nuance alli\u00e9e au palladium utilis\u00e9e lorsque la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion en milieu chlorur\u00e9 r\u00e9ducteur ou \u00e0 la corrosion caverneuse est inscrite dans les exigences du projet.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ti-card\"><small>Saumure chaude<\/small><b>Titane Grade 12<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Nuance Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni examin\u00e9e pour les \u00e9quipements en milieu chlorur\u00e9 chaud ou en saumure o\u00f9 la tenue \u00e0 la corrosion caverneuse est importante.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Pourquoi le titane fonctionne dans les syst\u00e8mes en eau de mer<\/h2>\n<p>Le titane forme un film d'oxyde stable et auto-r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rant. Dans les syst\u00e8mes en eau de mer, ce film aide \u00e0 r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la corrosion par piq\u00fbres et \u00e0 la corrosion g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e qui limitent souvent les aciers inoxydables ou les alliages de cuivre. C'est pourquoi le titane est utilis\u00e9 pour le tube de condenseur, les \u00e9changeurs de chaleur, les \u00e9quipements de dessalement, la tuyauterie marine et les composants offshore.<\/p>\n<table data-c195=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>M\u00e9canisme<\/th>\n<th>Ce que le guide indique<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Film d'oxyde<\/td>\n<td>Stable et auto-cicatrisant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Son r\u00f4le dans les syst\u00e8mes \u00e0 eau de mer<\/td>\n<td>Aide \u00e0 r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la corrosion par piq\u00fbres et \u00e0 la corrosion g\u00e9n\u00e9rale qui limitent souvent les aciers inoxydables<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>L'acheteur doit n\u00e9anmoins d\u00e9finir la temp\u00e9rature de service, les conditions d'\u00e9coulement, la conception des joints et les exigences de contr\u00f4le. Un mat\u00e9riau qui se comporte bien en eau de mer libre peut n\u00e9cessiter un examen de nuance diff\u00e9rent si la conception cr\u00e9e des zones stagnantes de chlorures, de compression de garniture ou de corrosion caverneuse au niveau de la plaque tubulaire.<\/p>\n<h2>Titane Grade 2, Grade 7 et Grade 12 pour applications marines<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ti-table-scroll\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nuance<\/th>\n<th>Utilisation marine typique<\/th>\n<th>Remarque pour l'offre<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Grade 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Tuyauterie d'eau de mer, tube de condenseur, \u00e9changeurs de chaleur, fabrication en t\u00f4le et plaque<\/td>\n<td>Indiquer ASTM B338 pour le tube, ASTM B861\/B862 pour le tube ou ASTM B265 pour la t\u00f4le et la plaque<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Grade 7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Milieu r\u00e9ducteur charg\u00e9 en chlorures, joints sujets \u00e0 la corrosion caverneuse et service chimique agressif en eau de mer<\/td>\n<td>Confirmer la temp\u00e9rature, le milieu et si une nuance alli\u00e9e au palladium est exig\u00e9e par la sp\u00e9cification de l'utilisateur final<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Grade 12<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00c9quipement de proc\u00e9d\u00e9 pour saumure chaude et milieux charg\u00e9s en chlorures<\/td>\n<td>Examiner les conditions de chlorures chauds, les zones de corrosion caverneuse et les exigences relatives aux alternatives CP de plus haute r\u00e9sistance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Grade 5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u00c9l\u00e9ments de fixation, arbres et pi\u00e8ces marines usin\u00e9es de plus haute r\u00e9sistance<\/td>\n<td>\u00c0 utiliser lorsqu'une r\u00e9sistance est requise ; ne pas le choisir uniquement parce qu'il est plus r\u00e9sistant que Grade 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ti-media-row\">\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/n-tube.jpg\" alt=\"Titanium tube used for seawater heat exchanger service\" \/><figcaption>Les commandes de tubes pour eau de mer doivent d\u00e9finir la nuance, le diam\u00e8tre ext\u00e9rieur, l'\u00e9paisseur de paroi, la longueur, l'\u00e9tat de surface et le dossier de certificats.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/svc-inspect.jpg\" alt=\"Inspection for titanium marine material before export packing\" \/><figcaption>Les exigences de contr\u00f4le telles que les relev\u00e9s dimensionnels, le PMI ou EN 10204 3.1 doivent \u00eatre d\u00e9finies avant la production.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>O\u00f9 les commandes de titane marin posent probl\u00e8me<\/h2>\n<p>La plupart des probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s aux offres proviennent de d\u00e9tails de service incomplets. Le service marin peut d\u00e9signer l'eau de mer ouverte, les embruns salins, la saumure, le dessalement, l'eau de refroidissement \u00e0 bord des navires, l'exposition structurelle offshore ou les assemblages de brides avec joint. Il ne s'agit pas du m\u00eame cas de corrosion.<\/p>\n<table data-c195=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Point \u00e0 examiner pour les applications marines<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Identifier les emplacements de corrosion caverneuse tels que les interfaces tube-plaque tubulaire, les brides avec joint, les zones filet\u00e9es et les zones stagnantes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Indiquer la temp\u00e9rature de l'eau de mer, la concentration en chlorures, les conditions d'\u00e9coulement et le mat\u00e9riau en contact.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Confirmer EN 10204 3.1, le PMI, la tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 par num\u00e9ro de coul\u00e9e et le contr\u00f4le par tierce partie avant la production.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Formes de produit utilis\u00e9es dans les syst\u00e8mes en eau de mer<\/h2>\n<p>Beiyu fournit du titane destin\u00e9 aux applications marines sous forme de <a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/product\/gr2-titanium-seamless-tube\/\">Tube en titane Grade 2 sans soudure<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/product\/titanium-heat-exchanger-coil\/\">serpentin d'\u00e9changeur de chaleur en titane<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/product\/titanium-flanges\/\">brides en titane<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/product\/gr2-titanium-sheet\/\">t\u00f4le de titane Grade 2<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/product\/titanium-fasteners\/\">\u00e9l\u00e9ments de fixation en titane<\/a>. Pour les familles de tubes, utilisez la <a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/product-category\/woo-products\/titanium\/titanium-tube-and-pipe\/\">cat\u00e9gorie tubes en titane<\/a> pour v\u00e9rifier les formes associ\u00e9es avant d'envoyer les dimensions.<\/p>\n<h2>FAQ<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ti-faq\">\n<details open>\n<summary>Le titane se corrode-t-il dans l'eau de mer ?<\/summary>\n<p>Le titane r\u00e9siste \u00e0 la corrosion dans l'eau de mer dans la plupart des conditions de service, car sa couche d'oxyde est stable et auto-r\u00e9paratrice. Les environnements sujets \u00e0 la corrosion caverneuse ou aux chlorures chauds devraient n\u00e9anmoins \u00eatre examin\u00e9s avant la s\u00e9lection de la nuance.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Quelle nuance de titane est normalement utilis\u00e9e pour l'eau de mer ?<\/summary>\n<p>Le titane Grade 2 est le point de d\u00e9part habituel pour le service en eau de mer. Le titane Grade 7 ou le titane Grade 12 peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s lorsque l'environnement comprend des chlorures plus chauds, de la saumure ou une g\u00e9om\u00e9trie sujette \u00e0 la corrosion caverneuse.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Que doit inclure une demande concernant le titane marin ?<\/summary>\n<p>Envoyez l'application, les conditions d'eau de mer ou de saumure, la forme du produit, la nuance, la norme ASTM, les dimensions, la quantit\u00e9, les exigences de contr\u00f4le et le dossier de certificats.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ti-rfq-box\"><!--c145-cite-block--><\/p>\n<h2>D\u00e9tails des sp\u00e9cifications avec sources<\/h2>\n<p>La s\u00e9lection du titane pour le milieu marin comporte une dimension d'\u00e9rosion que le tableau des grades ci-dessus ne montre pas. Le document Corrosion Resistance of Titanium de TIMET rapporte que des vitesses d'eau de mer atteignant 120 ft\/s, soit environ 36,5 m\/s, ne produisent qu'une hausse minimale du taux d'\u00e9rosion sur le titane, et c'est pourquoi les condenseurs et les r\u00e9seaux de tuyauterie peuvent faire circuler du titane \u00e0 des d\u00e9bits qui limitent par \u00e9rosion des alliages de tube plus tendres. Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des d\u00e9signations, les trois grades que cette page met en correspondance portent des identit\u00e9s UNS fixes dans <a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/standards\/b265\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ASTM B265<\/a>, B338 et B348 : Grade 2 est R50400, Grade 7 est R52400 et Grade 12 est R53400, et la mention du grade, de l'UNS et de la norme produit dans la demande permet de maintenir la comparabilit\u00e9 d'une commande marine entre les usines.<\/p>\n<p>Beiyu Titanium couvre la partie fabrication d'une commande marine ainsi que les gammes de tubes et de t\u00f4les indiqu\u00e9es ci-dessus : produit forg\u00e9 \u00e0 chaud selon <a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/standards\/b381\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ASTM B381<\/a>, avec des disques de 50 \u00e0 2000 mm de diam\u00e8tre pour une \u00e9paisseur de 20 \u00e0 500 mm et des blocs de 50 \u00e0 600 mm, et la fiche de forge de l'usine mentionne la construction navale et les impulseurs parmi ses applications d\u00e9clar\u00e9es. Pour les grandes longueurs, Beiyu propose des tubes soud\u00e9s en titane dans des longueurs allant jusqu'\u00e0 22000 mm, de sorte qu'un spool offshore peut \u00eatre planifi\u00e9 avec moins de soudures circonf\u00e9rentielles, la d\u00e9cision de Grade ci-dessus \u00e9tant appliqu\u00e9e \u00e0 chaque forme de produit dans une m\u00eame demande.<\/p>\n<p><!--\/c145-cite-block--><\/p>\n<h2>Demander du titane pour applications marines<\/h2>\n<p>Envoyez l'application, les conditions d'eau de mer, la nuance, la forme du produit, les dimensions et les exigences de certificat. Beiyu examine les d\u00e9tails avant l'offre.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"contact-popup-btn\" href=\"#contact-popup-btn\">Envoyer les d\u00e9tails de la demande de prix<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ti-related-guides\">\n<h2>Guides sur le titane associ\u00e9s<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/titanium-grades-comparison-guide\/\">Comparaison des nuances de titane<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/what-certifications-matter-when-buying-titanium-pipe-fittings\/\">Comment v\u00e9rifier les certificats mati\u00e8re du titane<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/astm-b338-titanium-tube-pipe-guide\/\">Guide des tubes en titane ASTM B338<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Titanium is selected for marine and offshore equipment because its oxide film resists seawater and chloride attack under most service conditions. Grade 2 titanium is the usual starting point for seawater service; Grade 7 or Grade 12 may be reviewed for hotter chloride, brine or crevice-prone designs. Grade decision map for seawater titanium The right [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4415,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_templately_pack_id":"","_templately_imported_at":"","_templately_source":"","_templately_import_session_id":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-applications","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Titanium for Marine &amp; Seawater | Grades 2, 7 and 12 | Beiyu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Titanium for marine and seawater service: when to use Grade 2 titanium, when Grade 7 or Grade 12 should be reviewed, and what to include in a seawater titanium enquiry.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Titanium for Marine &amp; Seawater | Grades 2, 7 and 12 | Beiyu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Titanium for marine and seawater service: when to use Grade 2 titanium, when Grade 7 or Grade 12 should be reviewed, and what to include in a seawater titanium enquiry.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Beiyu Titanium\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-02-08T03:15:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-13T04:14:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Penn Ma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Penn Ma\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Penn Ma\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3560db17cf08813edf34f012735b971b\"},\"headline\":\"Titanium for Marine &#038; Seawater: Choosing Grades 2, 7 and 12\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-08T03:15:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-13T04:14:06+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":913,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Applications\",\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/\",\"name\":\"Titanium for Marine & Seawater | Grades 2, 7 and 12 | Beiyu\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-08T03:15:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-13T04:14:06+00:00\",\"description\":\"Titanium for marine and seawater service: when to use Grade 2 titanium, when Grade 7 or Grade 12 should be reviewed, and what to include in a seawater titanium enquiry.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":900,\"caption\":\"Grade 2 titanium round bars stored on rack supports for ASTM B348 RFQs\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Titanium for Marine &#038; Seawater: Choosing Grades 2, 7 and 12\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Beiyu Titanium\",\"description\":\"Certified titanium materials and custom components for aerospace, medical, chemical, and industrial applications.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Beiyu Titanium\",\"alternateName\":\"\u5317\u9a6d\u949b\u4e1a\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/logo4.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/logo4.png\",\"width\":429,\"height\":116,\"caption\":\"Beiyu Titanium\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/113015050\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/channel\\\/UC4Rr5qjUmKbbnROzU8zwluQ\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/beiyutrade\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/people\\\/Beiyu-Titanium-Group\\\/61580787646046\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.crunchbase.com\\\/organization\\\/beiyu-titanium\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.wikidata.org\\\/wiki\\\/Q140386451\"],\"contactPoint\":{\"@type\":\"ContactPoint\",\"contactType\":\"sales\",\"email\":\"penn@beiyutitanium.com\",\"availableLanguage\":[\"English\",\"Chinese\"]},\"description\":\"Beiyu Titanium (legal entity Jiaxing Beiyu New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.) is a China-based supplier and exporter of ASTM and AMS titanium bar, plate, sheet, tube, pipe, forgings, flanges, fasteners and custom machined parts, plus nickel and Inconel alloys, for chemical, marine, medical and industrial buyers worldwide. Production runs through the Beiyu titanium mill in Baoji, Shaanxi. Orders are RFQ-based, with EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates and heat-number traceability available on request.\",\"areaServed\":\"Worldwide\",\"knowsAbout\":[\"Titanium\",\"Titanium alloy\",\"Titanium bar\",\"Titanium sheet and plate\",\"Titanium tube and pipe\",\"Titanium forgings\",\"Titanium wire\",\"Titanium anode\"],\"address\":{\"@type\":\"PostalAddress\",\"streetAddress\":\"Baotai Road Industrial Park, High-tech Development Zone\",\"addressLocality\":\"Baoji\",\"addressRegion\":\"Shaanxi\",\"addressCountry\":\"CN\"},\"legalName\":\"Jiaxing Beiyu New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3560db17cf08813edf34f012735b971b\",\"name\":\"Penn Ma\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0659bdefb633d0d8e567b06d2f8bffac2a369834e53e96c922a06fd8a96f3c72?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0659bdefb633d0d8e567b06d2f8bffac2a369834e53e96c922a06fd8a96f3c72?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/0659bdefb633d0d8e567b06d2f8bffac2a369834e53e96c922a06fd8a96f3c72?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Penn Ma\"},\"description\":\"Penn Ma is the person who answers the RFQs at Beiyu Titanium. Over 15 years in titanium export he has learned to review each specification line himself, checking grade, standard, dimensions, tolerance and certificate scope against mill capability before quoting, rather than routing enquiries through a sales desk. He came to titanium supply from the other side of the transaction. Before leading Beiyu's international business he worked at Koch (Koch-Glitsch) and was directly involved in delivering a SABIC petrochemical project in Fujian, China. That work was built on inspection and test plans, material certification and heat traceability, third party inspection coordination, and project documentation and dossier control. Those are the same four things a process industry or regulated buyer will hold a titanium supplier to, and having had to enforce them as a customer is why they are treated here as part of the supply rather than as paperwork produced afterwards. His day-to-day work spans the questions this site is written to answer: choosing between commercially pure and alloyed titanium grades for a corrosive service, reading a mill test certificate against the ordered standard, and matching a buyer's designation (ASTM grade, UNS, German Werkstoff number or French NF code) to the same metal across markets. Beiyu supplies titanium, nickel-alloy and refractory mill products across bar, rod, plate, tube, block, ring, coil, ingot, forgings and machined parts, with EN 10204 3.1 documentation and heat-number traceability.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/beiyutitanium.com\\\/fr\\\/author\\\/penn-ma\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Titane pour applications marines et eau de mer | Grades 2, 7 et 12 | Beiyu","description":"Titane pour service marin et en eau de mer : quand utiliser le titane Grade 2, quand Grade 7 ou Grade 12 devraient \u00eatre examin\u00e9s, et quoi inclure dans une demande concernant le titane pour eau de mer.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Titanium for Marine & Seawater | Grades 2, 7 and 12 | Beiyu","og_description":"Titanium for marine and seawater service: when to use Grade 2 titanium, when Grade 7 or Grade 12 should be reviewed, and what to include in a seawater titanium enquiry.","og_url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/","og_site_name":"Beiyu Titanium","article_published_time":"2026-02-08T03:15:20+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-08-13T04:14:06+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":900,"url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Penn Ma","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Penn Ma","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/"},"author":{"name":"Penn Ma","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3560db17cf08813edf34f012735b971b"},"headline":"Titanium for Marine &#038; Seawater: Choosing Grades 2, 7 and 12","datePublished":"2026-02-08T03:15:20+00:00","dateModified":"2026-08-13T04:14:06+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/"},"wordCount":913,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg","articleSection":["Applications","News"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/","url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/","name":"Titane pour applications marines et eau de mer | Grades 2, 7 et 12 | Beiyu","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg","datePublished":"2026-02-08T03:15:20+00:00","dateModified":"2026-08-13T04:14:06+00:00","description":"Titane pour service marin et en eau de mer : quand utiliser le titane Grade 2, quand Grade 7 ou Grade 12 devraient \u00eatre examin\u00e9s, et quoi inclure dans une demande concernant le titane pour eau de mer.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/grade2-titanium-bar-astm-b348-rack-main-20260613-scaled.jpg","width":1200,"height":900,"caption":"Grade 2 titanium round bars stored on rack supports for ASTM B348 RFQs"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/key-benefits-of-using-titanium-square-bars-in-marine-projects\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Titanium for Marine &#038; Seawater: Choosing Grades 2, 7 and 12"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/","name":"Beiyu Titanium","description":"Mat\u00e9riaux en titane certifi\u00e9s et composants sur mesure pour les applications a\u00e9ronautiques, m\u00e9dicales, chimiques et industrielles.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#organization","name":"Beiyu Titanium","alternateName":"\u5317\u9a6d\u949b\u4e1a","url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/logo4.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/logo4.png","width":429,"height":116,"caption":"Beiyu Titanium"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/113015050\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC4Rr5qjUmKbbnROzU8zwluQ","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/beiyutrade\/","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/people\/Beiyu-Titanium-Group\/61580787646046\/","https:\/\/www.crunchbase.com\/organization\/beiyu-titanium","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q140386451"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"ContactPoint","contactType":"sales","email":"penn@beiyutitanium.com","availableLanguage":["English","Chinese"]},"description":"Beiyu Titanium (entit\u00e9 juridique Jiaxing Beiyu New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.) est un fournisseur et exportateur chinois de barres, plaques, t\u00f4les, tubes, pi\u00e8ces forg\u00e9es, brides, \u00e9l\u00e9ments de fixation et pi\u00e8ces usin\u00e9es sur mesure en titane ASTM et AMS, ainsi que d'alliages de nickel et Inconel, destin\u00e9s aux acheteurs des secteurs chimique, maritime, m\u00e9dical et industriel dans le monde entier. La production est assur\u00e9e par l'usine de titane Beiyu \u00e0 Baoji, Shaanxi. Les commandes sont trait\u00e9es sur demande de prix, avec des certificats de r\u00e9ception 3.1 selon EN 10204 et une tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 par num\u00e9ro de coul\u00e9e disponibles sur demande.","areaServed":"Worldwide","knowsAbout":["Titanium","Titanium alloy","Titanium bar","Titanium sheet and plate","Titanium tube and pipe","Titanium forgings","Titanium wire","Titanium anode"],"address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"Baotai Road Industrial Park, High-tech Development Zone","addressLocality":"Baoji","addressRegion":"Shaanxi","addressCountry":"CN"},"legalName":"Jiaxing Beiyu New Materials Technology Co., Ltd."},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3560db17cf08813edf34f012735b971b","name":"Penn Ma","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0659bdefb633d0d8e567b06d2f8bffac2a369834e53e96c922a06fd8a96f3c72?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0659bdefb633d0d8e567b06d2f8bffac2a369834e53e96c922a06fd8a96f3c72?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0659bdefb633d0d8e567b06d2f8bffac2a369834e53e96c922a06fd8a96f3c72?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Penn Ma"},"description":"Penn Ma est la personne qui r\u00e9pond aux demandes de prix chez Beiyu Titanium. Avec plus de 15 ans d'exp\u00e9rience dans l'exportation de titane, il a appris \u00e0 examiner lui-m\u00eame chaque ligne de sp\u00e9cification, en v\u00e9rifiant la nuance, la norme, les dimensions, la tol\u00e9rance et le p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre du certificat par rapport aux capacit\u00e9s de l'usine avant d'\u00e9tablir une offre, plut\u00f4t que d'orienter les demandes vers un service commercial. Il est venu \u00e0 l'approvisionnement en titane depuis l'autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la transaction. Avant de diriger les activit\u00e9s internationales de Beiyu, il a travaill\u00e9 chez Koch (Koch-Glitsch) et a particip\u00e9 directement \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation d'un projet p\u00e9trochimique SABIC dans le Fujian, en Chine. Ce travail reposait sur des plans de contr\u00f4le et d'essais, la certification des mat\u00e9riaux et la tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 par num\u00e9ro de coul\u00e9e, la coordination du contr\u00f4le par tierce partie, ainsi que le contr\u00f4le de la documentation et des dossiers de projet. Ce sont les quatre m\u00eames \u00e9l\u00e9ments qu'un acheteur de l'industrie des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s ou un acheteur soumis \u00e0 r\u00e9glementation exigera d'un fournisseur de titane, et le fait d'avoir d\u00fb les faire appliquer en tant que client explique qu'ils soient trait\u00e9s ici comme faisant partie de la fourniture plut\u00f4t que comme des documents produits ult\u00e9rieurement. Son travail quotidien couvre les questions auxquelles ce site est destin\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre : choisir entre des nuances de titane commercialement pur et alli\u00e9 pour un service corrosif, lire un certificat mati\u00e8re par rapport \u00e0 la norme command\u00e9e, et faire correspondre la d\u00e9signation d'un acheteur (nuance ASTM, UNS, num\u00e9ro Werkstoff allemand ou code NF fran\u00e7ais) au m\u00eame m\u00e9tal sur diff\u00e9rents march\u00e9s. Beiyu fournit des produits d'usine en titane, alliages de nickel et m\u00e9taux r\u00e9fractaires, notamment des barres, tiges, plaques, tubes, blocs, anneaux, bobines, lingots, pi\u00e8ces forg\u00e9es et pi\u00e8ces usin\u00e9es, avec documentation EN 10204 3.1 et tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 par num\u00e9ro de coul\u00e9e.","url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/author\/penn-ma\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1684"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1684\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5399,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1684\/revisions\/5399"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}