{"id":4113,"date":"2026-06-04T06:11:51","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T06:11:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/astm-b338-titanium-tube-pipe-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-09-06T09:48:55","modified_gmt":"2026-09-06T09:48:55","slug":"astm-b338-titanium-tube-pipe-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/astm-b338-titanium-tube-pipe-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM B338 Titanyum Boru (Tube) & Boru (Pipe): Kaliteler, \u00d6zellikler ve Nas\u0131l Belirtilece\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Titanium<\/figure>\n

ASTM B338, kondenserlerde ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiricilerde kullan\u0131lan diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 titanyum ve titanyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 borular i\u00e7in standart \u015fartnamedir. Bir boru (tube) standard\u0131d\u0131r, boru (pipe) standard\u0131 de\u011fildir. Titanyum boru (pipe) i\u00e7in genellikle diki\u015fsiz boruda ASTM B861 veya kaynakl\u0131 boruda ASTM B862 belirtilir.<\/p>\n

ASTM B338 kapsam\u0131<\/h2>\n

Beiyu Titanium, ASTM B338 diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 titanyum boruyu Grades 2, 7, 9 ve 12 olarak tedarik eder. ASTM B338 talebi i\u00e7in diki\u015fsiz veya kaynakl\u0131 yap\u0131y\u0131, kaliteyi, d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131, et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, uzunlu\u011fu, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem durumunu ve gerekli hidrostatik, pn\u00f6matik, ultrasonik veya elektromanyetik muayene y\u00f6ntemini belirtin. ASTM B338 her borunun bu muayenelerden birini ge\u00e7mesini gerektirir; y\u00f6ntem se\u00e7ilebilir oldu\u011fundan varsay\u0131lan bir se\u00e7im yapmay\u0131n, sipari\u015f edilen yap\u0131ya hangisinin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtin. ASTM E426, hem diki\u015fsiz hem kaynakl\u0131 boru \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin elektromanyetik (girdap ak\u0131m\u0131) muayenesini kapsar. Eksiksiz muayene kapsam\u0131n\u0131n teklif ve sipari\u015fte teyit edilebilmesi i\u00e7in EN 10204 3.1 raporlama ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm numaras\u0131 ile izlenebilirlik alanlar\u0131n\u0131 RFQ'ya ekleyin. ASTM B338, kalite kimyas\u0131, mekanik \u00f6zellikler, boyutlar, toleranslar ve test gereklilikleri dahil olmak \u00fczere \u0131s\u0131 transferi hizmeti i\u00e7in titanyum boruyu tan\u0131mlar.<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n ASTM B338 kaliteleri<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Kalite<\/th>\nUNS<\/th>\nTipik \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/th>\nTeklif talebi notu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Grade 2<\/strong><\/td>\nR50400<\/td>\nDeniz suyu kondenseri ve genel \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici borusu<\/td>\nBir\u00e7ok deniz suyu uygulamas\u0131 i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 kalitesi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 7<\/strong><\/td>\nR52400<\/td>\nAgresif kimyasal ve tuzlu su ortam\u0131nda kullan\u0131m<\/td>\n0.15 ila 0.25 wt% paladyum ilavesi, indirgeyici asit ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck pH de\u011ferli klor\u00fcr ortamlar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k devre potansiyelini pasif b\u00f6lgeye kayd\u0131rarak ayn\u0131 ko\u015fullarda ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyumda meydana gelen aktif \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeyi ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. Proses ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131 indirgeyici bir asitse (hidroklorik, seyreltik s\u00fclf\u00fcrik) veya aral\u0131k geometrisi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazsa Grade 2 yerine Grade 7 se\u00e7iniz.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 9<\/strong><\/td>\nR56320<\/td>\nDaha y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 veya a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa duyarl\u0131 uygulamalar i\u00e7in borular<\/td>\nTi-3Al-2.5V, CP kalitelerinden daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 12<\/strong><\/td>\nR53400<\/td>\nS\u0131cak klor\u00fcr i\u00e7eren proses ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/td>\nS\u0131cak tuzlu su ve aral\u0131k korozyonu gereklilikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan inceleyiniz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

Referans i\u00e7in ASTM asgari de\u011ferleri, her d\u00f6k\u00fcm i\u00e7in EN 10204 3.1 muayene sertifikalar\u0131nda teyit edilir: Grade 2, R50400, 345 MPa UTS \/ 275 MPa YS (50 \/ 40 ksi); Grade 7, R52400, 345 MPa UTS \/ 275 MPa YS (50 \/ 40 ksi); Grade 9, R56320, 620 MPa UTS \/ 483 MPa YS (90 \/ 70 ksi); Grade 12, R53400, 483 MPa UTS \/ 345 MPa YS (70 \/ 50 ksi). Grade 9, d\u00f6rd\u00fc aras\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek dayan\u0131ma sahiptir; bu nedenle bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda boru et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n veya \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131n en aza indirilmesi gerekti\u011finde tercih edilen se\u00e7enektir.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

ASTM B338 ka\u00e7 kaliteyi kapsar?<\/h3>\n

ASTM B338'in g\u00fcncel bask\u0131s\u0131, y\u00fczey kondenserleri, buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 titanyum ve titanyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 boruya ait 28 kalite listeler. Bunlar, di\u011ferlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ticari saf titanyumu (Grade 1 ila 3), Grade 7, Grade 11, Grade 16 ve Grade 17 gibi paladyum i\u00e7eren korozyon kalitelerini, Ti-3Al-2.5V ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 (Grade 9) ve Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 (Grade 12) kapsar. Sipari\u015flerin \u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7ok daha k\u0131sa bir listeye g\u00f6re verilir: yukar\u0131daki tablodaki d\u00f6rt kalite, yayg\u0131n kondenser ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici se\u00e7imleridir ve kalite, standard\u0131n kendisi taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil, hizmet kimyas\u0131 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir.<\/p>\n

Diki\u015fsiz titanyum boru nedir ve nas\u0131l \u00fcretilir?<\/h2>\n

Diki\u015fsiz titanyum boru, boyuna kaynak olmadan \u00fcretilir. ASTM B338, diki\u015fsiz boruyu, i\u00e7i bo\u015f k\u00fct\u00fckten so\u011fuk indirgeme veya so\u011fuk \u00e7ekme ile \u00fcretilen boru olarak tan\u0131mlar. Yukar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015ftaki bo\u015fluk delme veya delik i\u015fleme ile \u00fcretilebilir, uygun oldu\u011funda bunu s\u0131cak ekstr\u00fczyon izler. Ard\u0131ndan so\u011fuk pilger haddeleme, \u00e7ekme veya her ikisi boruyu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcne indirger. Daha ileri so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirme s\u00fcnekli\u011fin geri kazan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirdi\u011finde ara tavlama kullan\u0131labilir; B338 her pas aras\u0131nda vakum tavlamas\u0131 gerektirmez. Kaynakl\u0131 boru, silindir h\u00e2line getirilip diki\u015fi kaynat\u0131lan \u015feritten ba\u015flar ve standart ayr\u0131ca, kaynakl\u0131 borunun kaynak sonras\u0131nda so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirildi\u011fi kaynakl\u0131\/so\u011fuk \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f boruyu (WCS) da tan\u0131r. Standart, y\u00fczey kondenserleri, buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 titanyum boruyu kapsar.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ek bir sipari\u015fte y\u00f6ntem \u00fc\u00e7 nedenle \u00f6nemlidir. Bir proje veya kod y\u00f6ntemi do\u011frudan belirtebilir; bu durumda yap\u0131lacak se\u00e7im yoktur. Y\u00f6ntemin a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu yerde, kondenser ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici demetleri i\u00e7in kaynakl\u0131 ve kaynakl\u0131\/so\u011fuk i\u015flenmi\u015f boru yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131l\u0131r; hangi y\u00f6ntemin daha iyi fiyat verdi\u011fi genel bir kural\u0131 izlemek yerine boyuta, miktara, toleransa ve proje gerekliliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Spesifikasyon kaynak diki\u015fini yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya sipari\u015f edilen boyut ve et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kaynakl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemin o sipari\u015f i\u00e7in sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda diki\u015fsiz tercih edilir. Hangi y\u00f6ntem sipari\u015f edilirse edilsin, muayene paketi onunla birlikte de\u011fi\u015fir; bu nedenle y\u00f6ntem \u00fcretici fabrikaya b\u0131rak\u0131lmak yerine belirtilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
ASTM B338, y\u00fczey kondenserleri, evaporat\u00f6rler ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 titanyum boruyu kapsar.<\/caption>\n
S\u00fcre\u00e7<\/th>\nK\u0131lavuzun tan\u0131m\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Diki\u015fsiz<\/td>\nSo\u011fuk red\u00fcksiyon veya so\u011fuk \u00e7ekme ile i\u00e7i bo\u015f k\u00fct\u00fckten \u00fcretilen boru. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki i\u00e7i bo\u015f par\u00e7a, uygulanabildi\u011fi yerde s\u0131cak ekstr\u00fczyonun ard\u0131ndan delme veya i\u00e7 tornalama ile \u00fcretilebilir. So\u011fuk pilgerleme, \u00e7ekme veya her ikisi daha sonra boyuta indirger<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynakl\u0131<\/td>\nSilindir h\u00e2line haddelenmi\u015f ve diki\u015f kayna\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015ferit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynakl\u0131 ve so\u011fuk i\u015flenmi\u015f (WCS)<\/td>\nKaynaktan sonra so\u011fuk i\u015flenen kaynakl\u0131 boru<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Boru veya pipe: hangi standart ge\u00e7erlidir ve her biri nas\u0131l sipari\u015f edilir<\/h3>\n

Titanyum i\u00e7i bo\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde yeniden teklifin yayg\u0131n bir nedeni, boru ve pipe d\u00fczenlerini kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran taleptir. ASTM B338 kapsam\u0131nda boru, asgari veya ortalama et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak belirtilen belirli d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap ve et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re sipari\u015f edilir. ASTM B861 ve B862 kapsam\u0131nda standart pipe boyutlar\u0131 NPS ve schedule ile sipari\u015f edilir; NPS tan\u0131ml\u0131 bir d\u0131\u015f \u00e7apa, schedule ise nominal et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. ASTM B862 ayr\u0131ca NPS 8 ve \u00fczeri i\u00e7in tablosu d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00f6zel et kal\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131na izin verir. Bir boru spesifikasyonunda schedule veya bir pipe spesifikasyonunda d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap belirtmek, \u00fcretici fabrikay\u0131 hangi boyutsal tabloya g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmeye b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Form ve y\u00f6ntem<\/th>\nASTM<\/th>\nASME<\/th>\nNas\u0131l sipari\u015f edilir<\/th>\nTipik hizmet<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Diki\u015fsiz boru<\/td>\nB338<\/td>\nSB-338<\/td>\nD\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap ve et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>\nKaynak diki\u015finin kabul edilmedi\u011fi kondenserler, evaporat\u00f6rler, \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriciler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynakl\u0131 ve kaynakl\u0131\/so\u011fuk i\u015flenmi\u015f (WCS) boru<\/td>\nB338<\/td>\nSB-338<\/td>\nD\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap ve et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>\nKondenser ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici demetleri i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek hacimli rota<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diki\u015fsiz boru<\/td>\nB861<\/td>\nSB-861<\/td>\nNominal pipe boyutu ve schedule<\/td>\nProses hatt\u0131 borusu ve borulama sistemleri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynakl\u0131 boru<\/td>\nB862<\/td>\nSB-862<\/td>\nNominal pipe boyutu ve schedule<\/td>\nKaynakl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemin kabul edildi\u011fi proses hatt\u0131 borusu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

ASTM B338 her kaliteyi de kapsamaz. Kalite listesi ticari safl\u0131ktaki ve korozyona dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m kalitelerine uzan\u0131r ve Grade 5'i i\u00e7ermez; bu nedenle ASTM B338 Grade 5 tube talebi yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekliyle sertifikaland\u0131r\u0131lamaz. ASTM B861 ve B862 s\u0131ras\u0131yla diki\u015fsiz ve kaynakl\u0131 pipe i\u00e7in Grade 5'i listeler. Grade 5 tubing gerekliyse ba\u015fka bir uygulanabilir spesifikasyon veya onaylanm\u0131\u015f tasar\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gerekir; tasar\u0131m onay\u0131 olmadan pipe'\u0131 tube yerine kullanmay\u0131n veya kaliteyi de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyin. titanyum boru kalitesi se\u00e7im rehberi<\/a> hizmet ko\u015fuluna g\u00f6re bu se\u00e7imi ele al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Her iki form i\u00e7in de do\u011fru teklif almak \u00fczere kaliteyi, standard\u0131, y\u00f6ntemi, standarda uygun d\u00fczende boyutlar\u0131, uzunlu\u011fu ve tolerans\u0131, ayr\u0131ca sertifika ve muayene paketini belirtin. \u0130lgili \u00fcr\u00fcn sayfalar\u0131 \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir Grade 2 titanyum diki\u015fsiz boru<\/a>, Grade 12 titanyum boru<\/a>, titanyum \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici serpantini<\/a>, titanyum kangal boru<\/a>, titanyum kapiler boru<\/a>, kaynakl\u0131 titanyum boru se\u00e7ene\u011fini<\/a> ve titanyum boru (tube) ve boru (pipe)<\/a> kategorisi.<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n Grade 2 \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici sipari\u015finin arkas\u0131ndaki hizmet durumu i\u00e7in bkz. Grade 2'nin kimyasal ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici hizmetinde nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a> nihai boru kalitesini belirlemeden \u00f6nce.<\/p>\n

Bu standart kapsam\u0131ndaki daha y\u00fcksek dayan\u0131ml\u0131 se\u00e7enek i\u00e7in bak\u0131n\u0131z Grade 9 (Ti-3Al-2.5V) titanyum boru<\/a>, bas\u0131n\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n ticari safl\u0131kta borunun izin verdi\u011fi de\u011ferleri a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

ASTM B338 ne gerektirir: toleranslar, testler ve belgeler<\/h2>\n

\u00c7o\u011fu boru sipari\u015finde \u00fc\u00e7 izin verilen de\u011fi\u015fim \u00f6nemlidir. Ortalama et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hem diki\u015fsiz hem kaynakl\u0131 boru i\u00e7in belirtilen et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131 veya eksi y\u00fczde 10 kadar de\u011fi\u015febilir; bunun yerine minimum et sipari\u015f edilirse tolerans bu de\u011ferin iki kat\u0131 kadar yaln\u0131zca-art\u0131 olur. D\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap tolerans\u0131 standarttaki bir tabloyla belirlenir ve sipari\u015f edilen OD aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; boru bir boru tablas\u0131na makaral\u0131 geni\u015fletilecekse sipari\u015fte standart varsay\u0131lan\u0131ndan daha dar OD tolerans\u0131 s\u0131k\u00e7a kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Boya kesilmi\u015f sipari\u015f edilen boru, belirtilen boydan k\u0131sa olamaz; 24 feet (7,3 m)'ye kadar boylarda 1\/8 inch (3,2 mm) art\u0131 tolerans vard\u0131r. \u00dcretici fabrika prosesinin do\u011fru fiyatlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in RFQ'da OD'yi, et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kural\u0131n\u0131, boyu ve standarttan daha dar t\u00fcm toleranslar\u0131 belirtin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00dcretici fabrika yolunun do\u011fru fiyatland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in OD'yi, et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, boyu ve standarttan daha dar her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tolerans\u0131 teklif talebinde belirtiniz.<\/caption>\n
Boyut<\/th>\nK\u0131lavuzda belirtilen izin verilen de\u011fi\u015fim<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ortalama et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>\nHem diki\u015fsiz hem kaynakl\u0131 boru i\u00e7in belirtilen et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131 veya eksi y\u00fczde 10'i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bunun yerine sipari\u015f edilen minimum et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>\nTolerans, bu de\u011ferin iki kat\u0131nda tamamen art\u0131 olur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap<\/td>\nStandarttaki bir tabloyla belirlenir ve sipari\u015f edilen OD aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Borunun boru tablas\u0131na merdane ile geni\u015fletilece\u011fi durumlarda, standart varsay\u0131lan\u0131ndan daha dar bir OD tolerans\u0131 genellikle sipari\u015fte kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sabit boy<\/td>\nBelirtilen boydan k\u0131sa olamaz; 24 feet (7,3 m)'ye kadar boylarda 1\/8 inch (3,2 mm) art\u0131 tolerans vard\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

ASTM B338 her boru i\u00e7in hangi testleri gerektirir?<\/h3>\n

ASTM B338, her boru i\u00e7in tek bir test yerine bir tahribats\u0131z muayene paketi belirler. Kaynakl\u0131 boru, ASTM E426'ya g\u00f6re girdap ak\u0131m\u0131 ve ultrasonik muayeneye, ayr\u0131ca hidrostatik veya pn\u00f6matik teste tabi tutulur. Diki\u015fsiz boruya da hidrostatik veya pn\u00f6matik test ile birlikte ultrasonik ve girdap ak\u0131m\u0131 muayenesi uygulan\u0131r. Hidrostatik testte boru, et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kalitenin belirtilen asgari akma dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 50'si kadar gerilme olu\u015fturan i\u00e7 bas\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 veya \u015fi\u015fme olmadan tutmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mekanik numune testleri yass\u0131ltma testini ve d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131 3,5 inches (88,9 mm), et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 0,134 inch (3,4 mm) de\u011ferine kadar olan borular i\u00e7in 60 derece bir tak\u0131mla standard\u0131n belirledi\u011fi geni\u015flemeye kadar, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00e7atlak veya y\u0131rt\u0131lma olmadan yap\u0131lan a\u011f\u0131z geni\u015fletme testini i\u00e7erir. Kaynakl\u0131 boruya ayr\u0131ca kaynak \u00fczerinde ters yass\u0131ltma testi uygulan\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf g\u00f6zetim noktalar\u0131 ve standart d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki testler sipari\u015fte tan\u0131mlan\u0131r; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla muayene kapsam\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretimden sonra de\u011fil, \u00f6nce belirtiniz.<\/p>\n

Muayene ve belgeler<\/h3>\n

Sipari\u015fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ASTM B338 boru i\u00e7in kimyasal ve mekanik sonu\u00e7lar, yass\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma veya a\u011f\u0131z geni\u015fletme testi, hidrostatik veya pn\u00f6matik test, kaynakl\u0131 boru i\u00e7in girdap ak\u0131m\u0131 muayenesi, boyutsal muayene ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm numaras\u0131 ile izlenebilirlik gerekebilir. \u00dcretim \u00f6ncesinde EN 10204 3.1 ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf muayenesini teyit ediniz.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Titanium
Is\u0131 transferi borusu sipari\u015flerinde d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap, et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, uzunluk, kalite ve test gereklili\u011fi tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Mill
\u00d6zellikle proje sipari\u015flerinde sertifika gereklilikleri ambalajlama \u00f6ncesinde teyit edilmelidir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n
\n
\nDeniz suyu kondenseri i\u00e7in hangi titanyum kalitesi kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/summary>\n

Grade 2 titanyum, deniz suyu kondenser borusu i\u00e7in ola\u011fan ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Daha s\u0131cak klor\u00fcr, tuzlu su veya aral\u0131k olu\u015fumuna yatk\u0131n ko\u015fullar i\u00e7in Grade 7 veya Grade 12 de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nASTM B338 bir boru (pipe) standard\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/summary>\n

Hay\u0131r. ASTM B338, kondenserler ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in bir boru (tube) standard\u0131d\u0131r. Titanyum borularda (pipe) genellikle diki\u015fsiz boru i\u00e7in ASTM B861 veya kaynakl\u0131 boru i\u00e7in ASTM B862 kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\nASTM B338 talebinde neler bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/summary>\n

Kaliteyi, d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131, et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, uzunlu\u011fu, tolerans\u0131, y\u00fczey durumunu, diki\u015fsiz veya kaynakl\u0131 \u00fcretim y\u00f6ntemini, miktar\u0131 ve sertifika gereklili\u011fini g\u00f6nderiniz.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Boru kalitesi se\u00e7im rehberi<\/h2>\n

Kullan\u0131n\u0131z titanyum boru kalitesi se\u00e7im rehberi<\/a> bir ASTM B338, B861 veya B862 talebinde kullan\u0131m ko\u015fulu, dayan\u0131m gereklili\u011fi ve boru yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re Grade 2, Grade 7, Grade 9 ve Grade 12 aras\u0131nda kalite kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

D\u0131\u015f \u00e7apa ve et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re titanyum borunun metre ba\u015f\u0131na a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n

Titanyum boru i\u00e7in uzunluk, par\u00e7a adedi veya a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k \u00fczerinden teklif verilebilir. D\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap, et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, uzunluk ve miktar\u0131n verilmesi, tedarik\u00e7inin fiyatland\u0131rma ve navlun i\u00e7in teorik k\u00fctleyi hesaplamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo, \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriciler, kondenserler ve proses hatlar\u0131 i\u00e7in en s\u0131k belirtilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde ticari saf Grade 2 titanyumun teorik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Titanyum Grade 2 boru: d\u0131\u015f \u00e7apa ve et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re metre ba\u015f\u0131na kg cinsinden teorik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k<\/caption>\n
D\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap (mm)<\/th>\n0,7 mm<\/th>\n0,9 mm<\/th>\n1,0 mm<\/th>\n1,2 mm<\/th>\n1,5 mm<\/th>\n2,0 mm<\/th>\n2,5 mm<\/th>\n3,0 mm<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
6.35<\/th>\n0.056<\/td>\n0.069<\/td>\n0.076<\/td>\n0.088<\/td>\n0.103<\/td>\n0.123<\/td>\n0.136<\/td>\nuygulanamaz*<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9.53<\/th>\n0.088<\/td>\n0.110<\/td>\n0.121<\/td>\n0.142<\/td>\n0.171<\/td>\n0.213<\/td>\n0.249<\/td>\n0.278<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12.7<\/th>\n0.119<\/td>\n0.150<\/td>\n0.166<\/td>\n0.196<\/td>\n0.238<\/td>\n0.303<\/td>\n0.361<\/td>\n0.412<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15.88<\/th>\n0.151<\/td>\n0.191<\/td>\n0.211<\/td>\n0.250<\/td>\n0.306<\/td>\n0.393<\/td>\n0.474<\/td>\n0.547<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19.05<\/th>\n0.182<\/td>\n0.231<\/td>\n0.256<\/td>\n0.303<\/td>\n0.373<\/td>\n0.483<\/td>\n0.586<\/td>\n0.682<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25.4<\/th>\n0.245<\/td>\n0.312<\/td>\n0.346<\/td>\n0.411<\/td>\n0.508<\/td>\n0.663<\/td>\n0.811<\/td>\n0.952<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31.75<\/th>\n0.308<\/td>\n0.393<\/td>\n0.436<\/td>\n0.519<\/td>\n0.643<\/td>\n0.843<\/td>\n1.036<\/td>\n1.222<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38.1<\/th>\n0.371<\/td>\n0.474<\/td>\n0.526<\/td>\n0.627<\/td>\n0.778<\/td>\n1.023<\/td>\n1.261<\/td>\n1.492<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50.8<\/th>\n0.497<\/td>\n0.636<\/td>\n0.706<\/td>\n0.843<\/td>\n1.048<\/td>\n1.383<\/td>\n1.711<\/td>\n2.032<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63.5<\/th>\n0.623<\/td>\n0.798<\/td>\n0.886<\/td>\n1.059<\/td>\n1.318<\/td>\n1.743<\/td>\n2.161<\/td>\n2.572<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76.2<\/th>\n0.749<\/td>\n0.960<\/td>\n1.065<\/td>\n1.275<\/td>\n1.588<\/td>\n2.103<\/td>\n2.611<\/td>\n3.111<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88.9<\/th>\n0.875<\/td>\n1.122<\/td>\n1.245<\/td>\n1.491<\/td>\n1.858<\/td>\n2.462<\/td>\n3.060<\/td>\n3.651<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101.6<\/th>\n1.001<\/td>\n1.284<\/td>\n1.425<\/td>\n1.707<\/td>\n2.127<\/td>\n2.822<\/td>\n3.510<\/td>\n4.191<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

* n\/a, bu tablonun e\u015fik de\u011ferine g\u00f6re 0,5 mm veya daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck nominal i\u00e7 \u00e7ap\u0131 g\u00f6sterir; bu boyutsal s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 belirten kaynak de\u011fildir ASTM B338<\/a>.<\/small><\/p>\n

De\u011ferler teoriktir ve boru kesitinden hesaplan\u0131r:<\/p>\n

W (kg\/m) = π × (OD − t) × t × ρ ÷ 1000<\/strong>, burada OD ve t milimetre cinsindedir ve ρ, g\/cm³ cinsinden yo\u011funluktur.<\/p>\n

Ticari saf Grade 2 i\u00e7in burada kullan\u0131lan yo\u011funluk 4.51 g\/cm³ de\u011feridir. Tablo d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hesap yapmak i\u00e7in sipari\u015f etti\u011finiz kalitenin yo\u011funlu\u011funu kullan\u0131n\u0131z: π × ρ ÷ 1000 sabiti, Grade 2 i\u00e7in 0.014169 olur. Standart et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tolerans\u0131na izin verdi\u011finden teslim edilen a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k teorik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktan farkl\u0131d\u0131r; bu nedenle teorik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k \u00fczerinden yaz\u0131lan sipari\u015fte tolerans\u0131n nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirilece\u011fi belirtilmelidir. Tabloda olmayan bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcy\u00fc hesaplamak veya bir uzunlu\u011fu sat\u0131n alma a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacak ara\u00e7 titanyum a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k hesaplay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/a>.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Teklif verilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler.<\/strong> Boru \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcr\u00fcn ailesinde \u00fcretilir: ekstr\u00fczyon ve so\u011fuk haddeleme ile diki\u015fsiz boru, \u015feritten \u015fekillendirilip kaynaklanan kaynakl\u0131 boru. Kapiler boru 1 mm ila 5 mm d\u0131\u015f \u00e7apta, 0,1 mm ila 2 mm et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve 6000 mm'ye kadar boylarda \u00fcretilir. Diki\u015fsiz boru 5 mm ila 325 mm d\u0131\u015f \u00e7apta, 0,5 mm ila 12 mm et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve 12000 mm'ye kadar boylarda \u00fcretilir. Kaynakl\u0131 boru 6,35 mm ila 1219 mm d\u0131\u015f \u00e7apta, 0,5 mm ila 25,4 mm et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve 22000 mm'ye kadar boylarda \u00fcretilir. Kaliteler Grade 2, 5, 9, 11, 16, 17 ve 23'\u00fc kapsar; belirtilen tavlanm\u0131\u015f veya so\u011fuk i\u015flenmi\u015f durumda, ASTM B338, B861 ve B862 ile e\u015fde\u011fer ASME SB \u015fartnamelerine g\u00f6re tedarik edilir (y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f B337'ye h\u00e2l\u00e2 at\u0131f yapan eski teknik resimler i\u00e7in B861 veya B862'ye g\u00f6re yeniden teklif verilir). Y\u00fczeyler parlak, asitle temizlenmi\u015f veya kumlanm\u0131\u015f olarak tedarik edilir.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Beiyu titanyum borunun arkas\u0131ndaki ergitme ve muayene<\/h2>\n

Beiyu taraf\u0131ndan tedarik edilen malzeme, \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc vakum ark yeniden ergitme yoluyla \u00fcretilir; bu, \u00fcretici fabrikan\u0131n k\u00fcl\u00e7eyi vakum alt\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 kez yeniden ergitmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yeniden ergitme, uygunluk yerine temizlik i\u00e7in sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131r ve bu yolun var olmas\u0131n\u0131n genel nedeni budur: kimyasal bile\u015fim tablosunun kontrol etti\u011fi \u015fey ergitme say\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fildir, bu nedenle \u00e7ift ergitilmi\u015f bir d\u00f6k\u00fcm ayn\u0131 bile\u015fim s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilir. Bu bir test sonucu de\u011fil \u00fcretim yolu oldu\u011fundan do\u011frulama y\u00f6ntemi veri f\u00f6y\u00fc de\u011fil sipari\u015fle sa\u011flanan belgelerde d\u00f6k\u00fcm baz\u0131nda kontrold\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Hata bi\u00e7imleri farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan boruya uygulanan muayene grubu \u00e7ubuktan farkl\u0131d\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kontroller borulara uygulananlard\u0131r; hangilerinin ve hangi kabul s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sipari\u015fte yaz\u0131l\u0131 kapsam belirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Muayene<\/th>\nTespit etme amac\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ultrasonik kusur tespiti<\/td>\n\u0130\u00e7 s\u00fcreksizlikler: k\u00fct\u00fck veya slabdan ta\u015f\u0131nan inkl\u00fczyonlar, g\u00f6zeneklilik ve katlanmalar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Girdap ak\u0131m\u0131yla kusur tespiti<\/td>\nUltrasonun y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgede yeterince ay\u0131rt edemedi\u011fi y\u00fczey ve y\u00fczey alt\u0131 kusurlar\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hidrostatik test<\/td>\nSipari\u015fin veya kodun gerektirdi\u011fi durumlarda, belirtilen test bas\u0131nc\u0131nda s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k ve bas\u0131nc\u0131 tutma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ultrasonik muayene ancak y\u00f6ntem, kapsam, kalibrasyon reflekt\u00f6r\u00fc ve kabul s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 birlikte adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 bir ge\u00e7ti\/kald\u0131 sonucu verir. Bu d\u00f6rt alan \u00fcr\u00fcn bi\u00e7imine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla “ultrasonik muayene yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f” ifadesinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmak yerine sipari\u015fte yer almal\u0131d\u0131r: di\u011fer t\u00fcm ko\u015fullar e\u015fitken daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir reflekt\u00f6re g\u00f6re kalibre edilmi\u015f tarama, daha hassas bir ayar\u0131n reddetti\u011fi malzemeyi kabul eder ve her iki tedarik\u00e7i sertifikaya ayn\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yazabilir. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcn bi\u00e7imi i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntem, kapsam, referans reflekt\u00f6r\u00fc ve kabul kriterleri sipari\u015fte belirtilmelidir. Hassas ta\u015flanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ubuk yolu i\u00e7in belgelenen ayarlar o yola \u00f6zg\u00fcd\u00fcr ve di\u011fer yollara aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar\u0131yla \u015fartname ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

ASTM B338 sipari\u015flerinde et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 milimetre veya in\u00e7 olarak yaz\u0131l\u0131rken, kondenser ve \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici borular\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen TEMA tarz\u0131 veri f\u00f6ylerinde genellikle Birmingham Wire Gauge kullan\u0131l\u0131r; boru teklif taleplerindeki hatalar bu iki sistem aras\u0131ndaki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde olu\u015fur. Yayg\u0131n kondenser \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerinde 22 BWG, 0.711 mm; 20 BWG, 0.889 mm; 16 BWG ise 1.651 mm et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla veri f\u00f6y\u00fcndeki 22 BWG sat\u0131r\u0131, sipari\u015fe yuvarlanmadan aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken 0.711 mm et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fart\u0131d\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiricinin boru adedi ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 hesaplar\u0131 bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc de\u011feri \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da belirtilen Grades 2, 7, 9 ve 12'nin \u00f6tesinde Beiyu Titanium boru program\u0131, Grades 1, 5, 11, 16, 17 ve 23'\u00fc de ekleyerek toplam 10 kaliteyi kapsar; b\u00f6ylece d\u00f6rt yayg\u0131n kaliteden ikisinin aras\u0131nda kalan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fulu i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 \u00fcretici fabrika yolu korunarak fiyat verilebilir. Beiyu ihracat uygulamas\u0131nda, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc numaras\u0131na dayal\u0131 bir teklif talebi herhangi bir fiyat verilmeden \u00f6nce milimetre cinsinden d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap ve et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak geri teyit edilir. Beiyu'da 15 y\u0131ld\u0131r titanyum boru ihracat\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten Penn Ma, ayn\u0131 a\u015famada muayene yolunu da inceler; b\u00f6ylece \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici tasar\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, malzeme sertifikas\u0131nda bildirilen de\u011fer olur.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

ASTM B338 titanyum boru talep ediniz<\/h2>\n

OD, et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, boy, kalite, diki\u015fsiz veya kaynakl\u0131 rota, miktar ve sertifika gereksinimini g\u00f6nderin. Beiyu, tekliften \u00f6nce rotay\u0131 ve muayene ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 inceler<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Teklif talebi ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderiniz<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\u0130lgili titanyum rehberleri<\/h2>\n