{"id":6032,"date":"2026-09-02T23:10:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-02T23:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/?p=6032"},"modified":"2026-09-02T23:55:10","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T23:55:10","slug":"titanium-in-nitric-acid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/titanium-in-nitric-acid\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitrik Asitte Titanyum: H\u0131zlar, Orta Aral\u0131k Zirvesi ve Kesin S\u0131n\u0131rlar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Is\u0131tma y\u00fczeyinde kaynayan y\u00fczde 90 nitrik asitte, TIMET taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan testlerde ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyum 1.0 ila 6.6 mpy (0.03 ila 0.17 mm\/y) aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iken ayn\u0131 TIMET testlerinde Type 304L paslanmaz \u00e7elik 150 ila 2900 mpy (3.8 ila 73.7 mm\/y) g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u0130ki ila \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck mertebesindeki bu fark, nitrik asitte kullan\u0131m\u0131n titanyumun en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc alanlar\u0131ndan biri olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenidir. Ancak ayn\u0131 veriler tasar\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n bilmesi gereken iki \u015feyi g\u00f6sterir: korozyon h\u0131z\u0131 konsantrasyon aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcst\u00fcnde de\u011fil ortas\u0131nda zirve yapar ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dumanl\u0131 nitrik asit kesin olarak kapsam d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Is\u0131tma y\u00fczeyinde titanyum ile paslanmaz \u00e7elik kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f TIMET titanyum korozyon direnci k\u0131lavuzuna g\u00f6re 215 F s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kaynayan y\u00fczde 90 nitrik aside maruz kalan titanyum ve paslanmaz \u00e7elik \u0131s\u0131tma y\u00fczeylerinin korozyonu. Metal s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 asit k\u00fctlesinin de\u011fil, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan y\u00fczeyin s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/caption>\n
Metal s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/th>\nAla\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyum<\/th>\nType 304L paslanmaz \u00e7elik<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
240 F (116 C)<\/td>\n1.1 ila 6.6 mpy (0.03 ila 0.17 mm\/y)<\/td>\n150 ila 518 mpy (3.8 ila 13.2 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
275 F (135 C)<\/td>\n1.6 ila 6.1 mpy (0.04 ila 0.15 mm\/y)<\/td>\n676 ila 2900 mpy (17.2 ila 73.7 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
310 F (154 C)<\/td>\n1.0 ila 2.3 mpy (0.03 ila 0.06 mm\/y)<\/td>\n722 ila 2900 mpy (18.3 ila 73.7 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Paslanmaz \u00e7elik s\u00fctununu, ekipman\u0131n en ba\u015fta neden titanyum olarak belirlendi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayan neden olarak okuyunuz. Bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n iki d\u00fcr\u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 vard\u0131r. Type 304L, bir nitrik asit tesisinin bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta ger\u00e7ekte belirleyece\u011fi malzeme de\u011fildir: ger\u00e7ek rakipler UNS S30600 gibi silisyum i\u00e7eren \u00f6stenitikler ve yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 80 asit \u00fczerinde al\u00fcminyumdur. Titanyum s\u00fctununu da oldu\u011fu gibi okuyunuz: tek bir konsantrasyonda, kaynama ko\u015fullar\u0131nda bir \u0131s\u0131tma y\u00fczeyi durumu; bu, ayn\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fctlesi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fulundan daha a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sezgiye ters d\u00fc\u015fen k\u0131s\u0131m: en k\u00f6t\u00fc konsantrasyon ortadad\u0131r<\/h2>\n

Titanyumla yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan m\u00fchendisler \u00e7o\u011fu zaman daha kuvvetli asidin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini varsayar. Kaynayan saf nitrik asitte, s\u0131v\u0131 fazda, yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f e\u011fri tersini g\u00f6sterir. Korozyon h\u0131z\u0131 y\u00fczde 10 d\u00fczeyinde s\u0131f\u0131ra yak\u0131ndan y\u00fckselir ve y\u00fczde 70 d\u00fczeyine do\u011fru tekrar d\u00fc\u015fer; zirve bu ikisinin aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. TIMET e\u011frisinde ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z ve paladyum i\u00e7eren kaliteler, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00e7a yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 40 ila 50 civar\u0131nda 24 ila 26 mpy (0.61 ila 0.66 mm\/y) yak\u0131n\u0131nda zirve yaparken Grade 12 daha erken ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 mpy (0.38 mm\/y) d\u00fczeyinde zirve yapar ve aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortas\u0131 boyunca daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pratik sonu\u00e7: bu saf asit kaynama e\u011frisine g\u00f6re \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fczde 35 asitte ge\u00e7iren bir kolon veya yeniden kaynat\u0131c\u0131, y\u00fczde 65 asitte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fandan daha a\u011f\u0131r ko\u015fuldad\u0131r ve orta bant boyunca de\u011fi\u015fen bir proses her ikisinden de daha a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca maksimumu de\u011fil, konsantrasyon aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiniz.<\/p>\n

Et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 boyutland\u0131rmada esas al\u0131nacak de\u011fer<\/h2>\n

Devam etmeden \u00f6nce yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f verilerin hangi konularda uyu\u015fup uyu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmek gerekir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu sayfa ayn\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fulu gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen durum i\u00e7in iki de\u011fer verir. Yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 68 ila 70 d\u00fczeyinde kaynayan asitte ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyum i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ayn\u0131 k\u0131lavuz i\u00e7indeki kaynak<\/th>\nH\u0131z<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Saf asit i\u00e7in kaynama-konsantrasyon e\u011frisi, y\u00fczde 70 noktas\u0131nda okunmu\u015f. Kaynayan s\u0131v\u0131, \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f test numunesi; at\u0131f yap\u0131lan kaynakta maruziyet s\u00fcresi bildirilmemi\u015f<\/td>\nYakla\u015f\u0131k 5 mpy (0,13 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f titanyum tablosu, titanyum iyonu bulunmayan y\u00fczde 68 kaynayan s\u0131v\u0131, 24 saatlik test<\/td>\n31.8 mpy (0.81 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Bunlar farkl\u0131 test referanslar\u0131d\u0131r ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m ikisinden birinde hata oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. Bu kullan\u0131m alan\u0131ndaki ger\u00e7ek sa\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131r; el kitab\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka yerdeki kendi verileri de kaynayan y\u00fczde 70 asidi, yine maruz kalma s\u00fcresi belirtilmeden, yakla\u015f\u0131k 2.5 ila 37 mpy (0.064 ila 0.94 mm\/y) aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6sterir. Buradan \u00e7\u0131kan tasar\u0131m kural\u0131 bu sayfan\u0131n \u00f6nemli k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r: et kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inhibe edilmemi\u015f saf asit h\u0131z\u0131na, en k\u00f6t\u00fc konsantrasyonda y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 0,8 mm mertebesine g\u00f6re boyutland\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z ve metal iyonu inhibisyonunu tasar\u0131m esas\u0131 olarak de\u011fil, ek pay olarak de\u011ferlendiriniz.<\/strong> Nedeni bir sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmdedir: ger\u00e7ek bir tesiste \u00e7e\u015fitli noktalar hi\u00e7bir inhibe edici iyon ta\u015f\u0131mayan asitle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f metal katyonlar\u0131 inhibe eder; di\u011fer kirleticiler ters etki yapar<\/h2>\n

Etki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f metal katyonlar\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fcd\u00fcr. K\u0131lavuz, eser miktarlarda silisyum, krom, demir, titanyum ve platin ile rutenyum gibi de\u011ferli metal iyonlar\u0131n\u0131 inhibit\u00f6r olarak adland\u0131r\u0131r. Bu, kirlenme hakk\u0131nda genel bir kural de\u011fildir: klor\u00fcr i\u00e7eren tuzlar kendi verilerini gerektirirken y\u00fcksek nitrat tuzu y\u00fck\u00fc h\u0131z\u0131 ters y\u00f6nde de\u011fi\u015ftirir ve k\u0131lavuzdaki yaln\u0131z nitrik asit i\u00e7eren ortamlar i\u00e7in en k\u00f6t\u00fc de\u011ferleri \u00fcretir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131r i\u00e7inde, kaynayan y\u00fczde 68 nitrik asitte az miktarda krom bula\u015fmas\u0131 Type 304L durumunu belirgin bi\u00e7imde k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftirirken titanyumun durumunu iyile\u015ftirmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f TIMET k\u0131lavuzuna g\u00f6re kaynayan y\u00fczde 68 nitrik asitte paslanmaz \u00e7elik ve titanyum korozyonuna kromun etkisi; her d\u00f6nemde asit de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek \u00fc\u00e7 48 saatlik d\u00f6nem.<\/caption>\n
\u00c7\u00f6zeltideki krom<\/th>\nType 304L tavlanm\u0131\u015f<\/th>\nAla\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyum<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
y\u00fczde 0.0<\/td>\n12 ila 18 mpy (0.30 ila 0.46 mm\/y)<\/td>\n3.5 ila 3.8 mpy (0.09 ila 0.10 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
y\u00fczde 0.0005<\/td>\n12 ila 20 mpy (0.30 ila 0.51 mm\/y)<\/td>\nBildirilmemi\u015f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
y\u00fczde 0.005<\/td>\n60 ila 90 mpy (1.5 ila 2.3 mm\/y)<\/td>\n0.9 ila 1.6 mpy (0.022 ila 0.041 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
y\u00fczde 0.05<\/td>\n980 ila 1600 mpy (24.9 ila 40.6 mm\/y)<\/td>\nBildirilmemi\u015f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
y\u00fczde 0.01<\/td>\nBildirilmemi\u015f<\/td>\n0.1 ila 1.4 mpy (0.003 ila 0.036 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f titanyumun kendisi bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131nda titanyum korozyonunu daha da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde inhibe eder:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f TIMET k\u0131lavuzuna g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f titanyumun kaynayan nitrik asitte ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyumun korozyon h\u0131z\u0131na etkisi, 24 saatlik testler.<\/caption>\n
Eklenen titanyum iyonu<\/th>\ny\u00fczde 40 HNO3 i\u00e7inde<\/th>\ny\u00fczde 68 HNO3 i\u00e7inde<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
0 mg\/l<\/td>\n29.5 mpy (0.75 mm\/y)<\/td>\n31.8 mpy (0.81 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 mg\/l<\/td>\nBildirilmemi\u015f<\/td>\n0.8 mpy (0.02 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20 mg\/l<\/td>\n8.6 mpy (0.22 mm\/y)<\/td>\n2.4 mpy (0.06 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40 mg\/l<\/td>\n1.9 mpy (0.05 mm\/y)<\/td>\n0.4 mpy (0.01 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80 mg\/l<\/td>\n0.8 mpy (0.02 mm\/y)<\/td>\n0.4 mpy (0.01 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

K\u0131lavuz bunu, inhibisyonun kararl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f titanyum d\u00fczeyine ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yla olu\u015ftu\u011fu s\u0131y\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yeniden kaynat\u0131c\u0131 devreleri gibi devridaim ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131na uygular. Bununla birlikte iki s\u0131n\u0131r vard\u0131r. Birincisi, bu d\u00fczeye ula\u015fmak otomatik de\u011fildir: \u0131slanan alana, korozyon h\u0131z\u0131na, devre hacmine ve tamamlama h\u0131z\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve etki kendi kendini s\u0131n\u0131rlar; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc 0.4 mpy d\u00fczeyinde metal, 31.8 mpy d\u00fczeyindekinden \u00e7ok daha az titanyum salar. Y\u00fcksek tamamlama oranl\u0131 bir devre, devridaim s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden daha fazla tek ge\u00e7i\u015fe yak\u0131nd\u0131r. \u0130kincisi ve g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha \u00f6nemlisi, ger\u00e7ek bir tesisin \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri hi\u00e7bir inhibe edici iyon i\u00e7ermeyen asitle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r: tek ge\u00e7i\u015fli hatlar, ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, asit de\u011fi\u015fimi veya y\u0131kama sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem ve ayn\u0131 mekanizma nedeniyle sistemdeki en saf asit olan yo\u011fu\u015fma s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131. Dengeye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir devridaim devresiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda taze, inhibe edilmemi\u015f asitteki laboratuvar test numunesi daha iyi de\u011fil, daha k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7 verebilir. Az \u00f6nce listelenen tek ge\u00e7i\u015fli ve ge\u00e7ici ko\u015fullardaki noktalar bu inhibe edilmemi\u015f duruma benzeyebilir; bu nedenle yukar\u0131daki tasar\u0131m esas\u0131 inhibe edilmemi\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Buhar faz\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131dan farkl\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fuludur<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f TIMET k\u0131lavuzuna g\u00f6re titanyumun nitrik asit buharlar\u0131n\u0131n korozyonuna direnci; kaynayan y\u00fczde 70 azeotropun \u00fczerinde as\u0131l\u0131 numuneler, 144 saatlik maruziyet.<\/caption>\n
Kalite<\/th>\nKorozyon h\u0131z\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyum<\/td>\n2.0 mpy (0.051 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Grade 12 (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni)<\/td>\n0.8 mpy (0.020 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paladyum i\u00e7eren ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z<\/td>\n0.08 mpy (0.002 mm\/y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Yo\u011fu\u015fan asit ve damlayarak akan yo\u011fu\u015fma s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131, nitrik asit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131nda klasik hasar noktalar\u0131d\u0131r ve buradaki kalite s\u0131ralamas\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131dakiyle ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir. S\u0131cak, \u00e7ok saf asit ve yo\u011fu\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7in yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f tercih daha y\u00fcksek safl\u0131ktaki ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z Grade 1 (UNS R50250) olup nedeni bu tablodaki ana metal h\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fil, kaynakl\u0131 birle\u015fimlerin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu tablonun ne oldu\u011funa ve ne olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na da dikkat ediniz: azeotropun \u00fczerindeki buharda 144 saat as\u0131l\u0131 tutulan test numuneleri. Bu bir yo\u011fu\u015fan film testi de\u011fildir ve k\u0131lavuz hi\u00e7bir yerde damlayarak akan yo\u011fu\u015fma s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in h\u0131z vermez.<\/p>\n

Titanyumun do\u011frudan hari\u00e7 tutuldu\u011fu yerler<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Durum<\/th>\nDurum<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dumanl\u0131 nitrik asit<\/td>\nKullanmay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong> Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f mekanizma basit korozyon de\u011fildir: sald\u0131r\u0131 taneler aras\u0131d\u0131r ve y\u00fczeyde \u00e7ok ince par\u00e7ac\u0131kl\u0131 metalik titanyum kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r; bu kal\u0131nt\u0131 y\u00fcksek derecede piroforiktir ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir oksitleyici madde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda infilak edebilir. K\u0131lavuz, reaksiyonun geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in bile\u015fim aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir: su i\u00e7eri\u011fi y\u00fczde 1.34 alt\u0131nda ve NO2 y\u00fczde 6 \u00fczerinde; ayr\u0131ca reaksiyon veren ve vermeyen b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k bir belirsizlik alan\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Eki, yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 2 su alt\u0131ndaki k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dumanl\u0131 asidi ayr\u0131ca tutu\u015fmaya duyarl\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirir; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu hari\u00e7 tutma yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 1.34 alt\u0131ndaki bile\u015fimleri de\u011fil, yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 2 su \u00e7izgisine kadar uzanan belirsizlik alan\u0131n\u0131 da kapsar. Analizinizi etikete g\u00f6re de\u011fil bu aral\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6re kontrol ediniz; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir ak\u0131\u015f veri sayfas\u0131nda nadiren k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dumanl\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Beyaz dumanl\u0131 nitrik asit<\/td>\nAyn\u0131 k\u0131lavuza g\u00f6re oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 0.1 mpy ile kabul edilebilir. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dumanl\u0131 asidin hari\u00e7 tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm dumanl\u0131 asitleri kaps\u0131yor \u015feklinde yorumlamay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kral suyuna kadar uzanan, klor\u00fcr i\u00e7eren nitrik asit<\/td>\nNicel olarak belirlenmi\u015f bir tehlikedir ve ola\u011fan kalite mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tersine \u00e7evirir. El kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131m hidroklorik ve bir k\u0131s\u0131m nitrik asitten olu\u015fan kral suyuyla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 96 saatlik kaynatma testinde ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyum ve paladyum i\u00e7eren kalite ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 44 mpy (1,12 mm\/y), Grade 12 ise 24 mpy (0,61 mm\/y) g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla paladyum i\u00e7eren kalite ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131za g\u00f6re avantaj sa\u011flamam\u0131\u015f, Grade 12 ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc aras\u0131nda daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda titanyum kral suyuna kar\u015f\u0131 esasen etkilenmez. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k asitlerde h\u0131zlar, indirgeyici asit bile\u015feni veya s\u0131cakl\u0131k artt\u0131k\u00e7a y\u00fckselir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Flor\u00fcr i\u00e7eren nitrik asit<\/td>\n\u0130nceleme gereklidir. Asitteki flor\u00fcr, titanyuma h\u0131zla sald\u0131ran hidroflorik asit olu\u015fturabilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7ok saf s\u0131cak asit ve buhar yo\u011fu\u015fma s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\nKullan\u0131labilir ancak kaliteye duyarl\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0131zlar y\u00fckselir, etkiye a\u00e7\u0131k unsur kaynakl\u0131 birle\u015fimlerdir ve yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f tercih daha y\u00fcksek safl\u0131ktaki ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z kalitelerdir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Yaln\u0131zca olumlu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 listeleyen bir tedarik\u00e7i sayfas\u0131 tasar\u0131m i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lamaz. \u00d6zellikle k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dumanl\u0131 asidin hari\u00e7 tutulmas\u0131 bir proses g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusudur ve dipnotta de\u011fil, ilk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sipari\u015fte belirtilecekler<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sipari\u015f sat\u0131r\u0131<\/th>\nBelirtilecek bilgiler<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Kalite ve standart<\/td>\nPlaka i\u00e7in ASTM B265 veya boru i\u00e7in ASTM B338'e g\u00f6re Grade 2 (UNS R50400), nitrik asit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu kapsar. Orta konsantrasyondaki kaynama band\u0131n\u0131n belirleyici oldu\u011fu yerlerde Grade 12 (UNS R53400). Yo\u011fu\u015fmayan buhar: Grade 7 (UNS R52400). Kaynakl\u0131 birle\u015fimlere sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n endi\u015fe konusu oldu\u011fu s\u0131cak, \u00e7ok saf asit ve yo\u011fu\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131: Grade 1 (UNS R50250). Her ikisinin de ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu yerlerde Grade 11 (UNS R52250), paladyum eklenmi\u015f Grade 1'dir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hizmet verileri<\/td>\nYaln\u0131zca maksimum de\u011fil, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00e7a y\u00fczde cinsinden konsantrasyon aral\u0131\u011f\u0131; s\u0131cakl\u0131k; y\u00fczeyin \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131p \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131; s\u0131v\u0131, buhar veya yo\u011fu\u015fma; devridaim veya tek ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kirleticiler<\/td>\nFlor\u00fcrler, klor\u00fcrler ve ak\u0131\u015fta zaten bulunan metal iyonlar\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynak gereksinimleri<\/td>\nDolgu metali kalitesi ve varsa kaynak muayenesi, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u0131cak saf asitte etkiye a\u00e7\u0131k unsur kaynakl\u0131 birle\u015fimlerdir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sertifika<\/td>\nD\u00f6k\u00fcm ve d\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f numaralar\u0131yla EN 10204 tip 3.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Bu i\u015f i\u00e7in teklif haz\u0131rlamadan gelen bir not: yan\u0131t\u0131 en s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015ftiren soru asit kuvveti de\u011fil, \u0131slanan y\u00fczeyin \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131p \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kaynayan y\u00fczde 90 asitteki bir \u0131s\u0131tma y\u00fczeyi ile ayn\u0131 konsantrasyondaki s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fctlesi hatt\u0131 farkl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131d\u0131r ve farkl\u0131 kalitelerle sonu\u00e7lanabilir.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar\u0131yla \u015fartname ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Yukar\u0131daki korozyon de\u011ferleri, TIMET (Titanium Metals Corporation) taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan titanyum korozyon direnci k\u0131lavuzundan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: 240, 275 ve 310 F s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kaynayan y\u00fczde 90 nitrik asitte titanyum ve paslanmaz \u00e7elik \u0131s\u0131tma y\u00fczeylerinin korozyonu; \u00fc\u00e7 48 saatlik d\u00f6nemde kaynayan y\u00fczde 68 asitte kromun korozyona etkisi; y\u00fczde 40 ve 68 d\u00fczeylerinde 24 saatlik testlerde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f titanyumun etkisi; kaynayan y\u00fczde 70 azeotropun \u00fczerinde 144 saatlik maruziyette nitrik asit buharlar\u0131na diren\u00e7; \u00fc\u00e7 kalite i\u00e7in kaynama-konsantrasyon e\u011frisi; 96 saatlik kaynayan kral suyu testi; k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dumanl\u0131 nitrik asit uyar\u0131s\u0131. Kalite kimlikleri ASTM'ye g\u00f6redir: UNS R50400 kapsam\u0131nda Grade 2, y\u00fczde 0.12 ila 0.25 paladyum i\u00e7eren UNS R52400 kapsam\u0131nda Grade 7 ve y\u00fczde 0.2 ila 0.4 molibden ile y\u00fczde 0.6 ila 0.9 nikel i\u00e7eren UNS R53400 kapsam\u0131nda Grade 12.<\/p>\n

Bu de\u011ferlerin uygulanabilirli\u011fine ili\u015fkin kapsam notu: her sat\u0131r bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tahmini de\u011fil, belirli bir testtir. Is\u0131tma y\u00fczeyi sat\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 metal s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tek bir konsantrasyondur; kirlenme sat\u0131rlar\u0131 her d\u00f6nemde asit de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek 48 saatlik d\u00f6nemlerdir; \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f titanyum sat\u0131rlar\u0131 24 saat; buhar sat\u0131rlar\u0131 tek bir azeotropun \u00fczerinde 144 saattir. Taze asitteki k\u0131sa testler, dengeye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f i\u015fletme devresinden daha k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7 verme e\u011filimindedir; \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f titanyum tablosu tam olarak bunu g\u00f6sterir. Bunlar\u0131 kaliteleri s\u0131ralamak ve kesin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131n\u0131z, ard\u0131ndan kendi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fulunuzu ger\u00e7ek ak\u0131\u015f verileriyle do\u011frulay\u0131n\u0131z. Beiyu Titanium, sipari\u015f kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re EN 10204 3.1 muayene sertifikas\u0131yla yukar\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en standartlara uygun plaka, boru ve \u00e7ubuk tedarik eder; korozyon verileri Beiyu test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 de\u011fil, yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf test verileridir.<\/p>\n

S\u0131k sorulan sorular<\/h2>\n

Nitrik asit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7in hangi titanyum kalitesi?<\/strong> Ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z Grade 2, aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lar. Hizmet ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n orta konsantrasyon band\u0131nda oldu\u011fu durumlarda yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f kaynama e\u011frisi en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kalan kalite Grade 12'dir. Buhar ve kondensat iki farkl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme gerektirir ve kaynak bunlar\u0131 iki farkl\u0131 kan\u0131t t\u00fcr\u00fcyle yan\u0131tlar. Yo\u011fu\u015fmayan buharda ana metalin korozyon h\u0131z\u0131 belirleyicidir; TIMET'in 144 saatlik buhar testinde paladyum i\u00e7eren Grade 7 (UNS R52400) i\u00e7in 0.08 mpy, Grade 12 (UNS R53400) i\u00e7in 0.8 ve ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z titanyum i\u00e7in 2.0 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. S\u0131cak, \u00e7ok saf asit ve yo\u011fu\u015fmal\u0131 hizmet ko\u015fullar\u0131nda sorun ana metal de\u011fil, kaynakl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde h\u0131zlanan korozyondur; burada yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f tercih, daha y\u00fcksek safl\u0131ktaki ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z Grade 1 (UNS R50250) y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Bir ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n her iki durumu da i\u00e7erdi\u011fi yerde Grade 11 (UNS R52250), ayn\u0131 paladyum ilavesini ta\u015f\u0131yan Grade 1'dir; Grades 16 ve 17 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck paladyumlu se\u00e7eneklerdir.<\/p>\n

Daha konsantre asit her zaman daha m\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr?<\/strong> Hay\u0131r, bu hizmet ko\u015fullar\u0131ndaki en yayg\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f varsay\u0131m budur. Kaynayan nitrik asitte TIMET e\u011frisi, ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z ve paladyum i\u00e7eren kaliteler i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 40 ila 50 civar\u0131nda zirveye ula\u015f\u0131r ve y\u00fczde 70'e do\u011fru d\u00fc\u015fer; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla orta konsantrasyonlu bir ak\u0131\u015f, y\u00fcksek konsantrasyonlu bir ak\u0131\u015ftan daha zorlu ko\u015fullar olu\u015fturabilir.<\/p>\n

Titanyum k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 dumanl\u0131 nitrik asitte kullan\u0131labilir mi?<\/strong> Hay\u0131r. Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f k\u0131lavuz, piroforik reaksiyon riski nedeniyle bunu d\u0131\u015flar. Bunu proses g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kapsam d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir kullan\u0131m olarak de\u011ferlendiriniz.<\/p>\n

Laboratuvar kuponum neden tesistekinden daha k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7 verdi?<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f titanyum etkisinden. TIMET'in 24 saatlik testlerinde titanyum iyonunun 0'dan 40 mg\/l d\u00fczeyine \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, y\u00fczde 68 asitte korozyon h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 31.8 mpy'den 0.4 mpy'ye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. K\u0131sa s\u00fcreli bir testteki taze asitte bu inhibisyon bulunmaz.<\/p>\n

Hidroklorik veya s\u00fclf\u00fcrik gibi indirgeyici asitler i\u00e7in durum nedir?<\/strong> Bu, ters durumdur ve farkl\u0131 bir kalite gerektirir. Bak\u0131n\u0131z \u0130ndirgeyici asitlerde Grade 7 titanyum<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Malzeme i\u00e7in hangi standart ge\u00e7erlidir?<\/strong> Plaka ve sac ASTM B265, boru ASTM B338, \u00e7ubuk ASTM B348 kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Plaka rehberinin adresi ASTM B265 sac ve plaka rehberi<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ak\u0131\u015f verilerini teklif talebiyle birlikte g\u00f6nderiniz<\/h2>\n

Asit konsantrasyonu aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, y\u00fczeyin \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131p \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 veya buhar faz\u0131n\u0131, resirk\u00fclasyonu, kirleticileri ve kalite, standart, boyutlar ile miktar\u0131 \u015fu adrese g\u00f6nderiniz Beiyu RFQ sayfas\u0131<\/a>. \u0130nceleyen Penn Ma<\/a>, titanyum \u00fcretici fabrika \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ihracat\u0131nda 15 y\u0131l. Son inceleme: 2026-09-02.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In boiling 90 percent nitric acid on a heating surface, the tests published by TIMET put unalloyed titanium at 1.0 to 6.6 mpy (0.03 to 0.17 mm\/y) while Type 304L stainless ran 150 to 2,900 mpy (3.8 to 73.7 mm\/y) in the same TIMET tests. That two-to-three order of magnitude gap is why nitric acid […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_templately_pack_id":"","_templately_imported_at":"","_templately_source":"","_templately_import_session_id":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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His day-to-day work spans the questions this site is written to answer: choosing between commercially pure and alloyed titanium grades for a corrosive service, reading a mill test certificate against the ordered standard, and matching a buyer's designation (ASTM grade, UNS, German Werkstoff number or French NF code) to the same metal across markets. 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Titanyum ihracat\u0131nda 15 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcrede, sorgular\u0131 sat\u0131\u015f masas\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirmek yerine her spesifikasyon sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 kendisinin g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmeyi, teklif vermeden \u00f6nce kaliteyi, standard\u0131, boyutlar\u0131, tolerans\u0131 ve sertifika kapsam\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretici fabrika kabiliyetine g\u00f6re kontrol etmeyi \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir. Titanyum tedarikine i\u015flemin di\u011fer taraf\u0131ndan gelmi\u015ftir. Beiyu'nun uluslararas\u0131 i\u015flerini y\u00f6netmeden \u00f6nce Koch'ta (Koch-Glitsch) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve \u00c7in'in Fujian ilindeki bir SABIC petrokimya projesinin tesliminde do\u011frudan g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma muayene ve test planlar\u0131, malzeme sertifikasyonu ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm numaras\u0131 ile izlenebilirlik, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf muayene koordinasyonu, proje dok\u00fcmantasyonu ve dosya kontrol\u00fc \u00fczerine kuruluydu. Bunlar, proses end\u00fcstrisi veya d\u00fczenlemeye tabi bir al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n titanyum tedarik\u00e7isinden bekleyece\u011fi ayn\u0131 d\u00f6rt unsurdur; m\u00fc\u015fteri olarak bunlar\u0131 uygulatmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, bunlar\u0131n sonradan \u00fcretilen evrak de\u011fil tedarikin par\u00e7as\u0131 say\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenidir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, bu sitenin yan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorular\u0131 kapsar: korozif bir hizmet i\u00e7in ticari safl\u0131kta ve ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 titanyum kaliteleri aras\u0131nda se\u00e7im yapmak, malzeme sertifikas\u0131n\u0131 sipari\u015f edilen standarda g\u00f6re okumak ve bir al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 (ASTM kalite, UNS, Alman Werkstoff numaras\u0131 veya Frans\u0131z NF kodu) pazarlar aras\u0131nda ayn\u0131 metalle e\u015fle\u015ftirmek. Beiyu; \u00e7ubuk, yuvarlak \u00e7ubuk, plaka, boru, blok, halka, kangal, k\u00fcl\u00e7e, d\u00f6vme par\u00e7a ve i\u015flenmi\u015f par\u00e7a formlar\u0131nda titanyum, nikel ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve refrakter \u00fcretici fabrika \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini EN 10204 3.1 dok\u00fcmantasyonu ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm numaras\u0131 ile izlenebilirlikle tedarik eder.","url":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/author\/penn-ma\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6032"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6032\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6033,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6032\/revisions\/6033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beiyutitanium.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}