A forging is ordered against a drawing, not a size list
Bar, plate and tube are ordered from a catalogue of sections. Forgings are not. The shape family, the finished dimensions, the machining allowance and the grain direction all come off the drawing, and the standard only fixes the material.
| What the drawing has to settle |
|---|
| Which shape family the part is |
| Finished dimensions and how much stock is left on |
| Any required grain direction |
| Which examinations apply and to what acceptance level |
The shape families and the sizes Beiyu reviews against
| Shape | Range |
|---|---|
| Forged round bar | 50 mm to 500 mm diameter, length to 3000 mm |
| Ring | Outside diameter 50 mm to 2000 mm, inside diameter 10 mm to 900 mm, height 20 mm to 400 mm |
| Disc | Outside diameter 50 mm to 2000 mm, thickness 20 mm to 500 mm |
| Block | 50 mm to 600 mm, with the governing dimension taken from the drawing |
The envelope is a production capability, not a stock statement, and the ordered combination is confirmed at quotation.
For ring drawings, the forged-ring versus rolled-ring guide separates the three required dimensions from the route decision.
Forged bar to B381 and mill bar to B348 are different order lines
Both arrive as round bar, but they are ordered against different standards, so the certificate names one of them.
| Ordered as | Standard | Where it starts |
|---|---|---|
| Forged round bar | ASTM B381 | 50 mm to 500 mm diameter |
| Bar and billet | ASTM B348 | The bar size range |
Grade naming changes inside B381
ASTM B381 uses its own grade designations for forgings. An order that names the commercial grade alone leaves the mill to map it, which is where certificates start disagreeing with drawings.
| Commercial name | Designation under ASTM B381 | UNS |
|---|---|---|
| Grade 2 commercially pure titanium | Grade F-2 | R50400 |
| Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V | Grade F-5 | R56400 |
| Grade 7 Ti-0.15Pd | Grade F-7 | R52400 |
| Grade 12 Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni | Grade F-12 | R53400 |
Examinations on a forging are ordered, not assumed
ASTM B381 does not automatically include ultrasonic examination. Where a forging needs it, the requirement has to be written onto the order with the method, the coverage and the acceptance basis, not implied by the word forging.
| Field | Why it has to be stated |
|---|---|
| Examination method | Decides which discontinuities the scan can reach |
| Coverage | A forged section can carry a discontinuity no surface method reaches |
| Acceptance standard and class | Makes pass or fail objective at receiving inspection |
| Stage | Decides whether the examination happens before or after machining |
What to state on the purchase order
Drawing: ______ (attach it; the drawing governs the shape) Shape family: ______ (forged round bar, ring, disc or block) Governing standard: ______ (ASTM B381) Grade: ______ (state both the commercial name and the B381 designation) UNS: ______ Finished dimensions and machining allowance: ______ Grain direction: ______ (state if the drawing requires one) Condition: ______ (R / M, stated on the order) Examination scope: ______ (method, coverage, acceptance standard, class and stage) Certificate: EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate with heat number traceability, reporting scope by order
Send the drawing with the enquiry. Beiyu confirms the shape, size and grade combination against ASTM B381 before quoting, since forgings are reviewed against the drawing rather than against a standard section.
Specification detail with sources
The forging standard defines both the product and the order content. ASTM B381 defines a forging as any product of work on metal formed to a desired shape by impact or pressure in hammers, forging machines, upsetters, presses or related forming equipment, and its ordering information clause requires the grade number, tensile properties, dimensions and tolerances, sampling and mechanical properties, methods for chemical analysis, marking, packaging, certification and the disposition of rejected material (ASTM B381, terminology and ordering information).
| Commercial name | Under ASTM B381 | UNS |
|---|---|---|
| Grade 2 unalloyed titanium | Grade F-2 | R50400 |
| Grade 5 Ti-6Al-4V | Grade F-5 | R56400 |
| Grade 7 palladium-bearing unalloyed titanium | Grade F-7 | R52400 |
| Grade 12 Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni | Grade F-12 | R53400 |
A forging does not start from a different metal than bar. ASTM B381 states that material conforming to ASTM B348 shall be used when producing forgings to that specification (ASTM B381, materials and manufacture), and it covers annealed forgings across its grade list (ASTM B381, scope). Its referenced methods include ASTM E8 for tension testing, ASTM E1409 for oxygen and nitrogen, ASTM E1447 for hydrogen and ASTM E1941 for carbon (ASTM B381, referenced documents). Naming a method fixes how a value is produced; it does not add an ultrasonic requirement, which has to be written onto the order with its own acceptance standard and class.
Send a technical RFQ
For titanium forging RFQs, attach the drawing and include the shape family, the governing standard, grade and B381 designation, UNS, finished dimensions and machining allowance, grain direction where required, condition, examination scope and the required mill test certificate.